{"componentChunkName":"component---src-layouts-issue-js","path":"/issues/volume-13","result":{"data":{"allArticle":{"edges":[{"node":{"title":"Innovation in Family Farming in Eastern Europe and Central Asia","slug":"innovation-in-family-farming-in-eastern-europe-and-central-asia","author":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":7,"pageTo":22,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483689-2016-rad-13-01-fieldsend.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-01-FIELDSEND"},"abstract":"Family farms are part of the solution for ensuring long-term global food security, rural poverty reduction and environmental sustainability. Hence, promoting innovation in family farming is becoming a priority for politicians and policy makers. However, while family farms everywhere are facing major challenges in terms of succession planning, access to finance, land, markets and education, bargaining power, administrative burden and dealing with market volatility, farms in the (Central and Eastern) European and Central Asia (EECA) region have the additional challenges of dealing with the consequences of transition and learning to operate in a market economy. This paper, firstly, summarises the current theoretical discourse about the potential of national Agricultural Innovation Systems (AIS) to contribute to sustainable agricultural development in EECA.   It then, explores the following challenges: (a) the demand for transition towards inclusive, decentralised and pluralistic AISs; (b) the need for a broad involvement and participation of family farmers in knowledge sharing and innovation; (c) the role of producer organisations and, in particular, service cooperatives to promote innovation on family farms; and (d) the roles of public and private investment in agricultural R&D and extension and advisory services. Based on this analysis,  a set of recommendations for fostering agricultural innovation for family farms, both for governments and other actors in the AIS, are then made."}},{"node":{"title":"The Significance of Agribusiness in the National Economy in the EU Countries","slug":"the-significance-of-agribusiness-in-the-national-economy-in-the-eu-countries","author":[{"name":"Aldona Mrówczyńska-Kamińska"},{"name":"Agnieszka Baer-Nawrocka"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":23,"pageTo":35,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483691-2016-rad-13-02-mrowczynska.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-02-MROWCZYNSKA"},"abstract":"The objective of the article is to determine the significanceof agribusiness in the national economy in the European Union countries. The article compares the in-ternal structure and share of agribusiness in the national economy in relation to gross value added. It also presents the relations between the share of agriculture, food economy and gross value added per capita. The main research method was input-output analysis, which is based on the intersectoral flowbalance. The research shows that in the less deve-loped countries the share of agriculture and agribusiness in the national incomes is much higher than in the highly developed countries. Moreover, the results of the correlation between the gross value added per capita and the share of agribusiness in the national income indicate that the process of secular decrease in the importance of this sector in the national income is inhibited if the economic development is high."}},{"node":{"title":"Modelling of Impacts of the Agricultural Sector on the National Economy of the Czech Republic","slug":"modelling-of-impacts-of-the-agricultural-sector-on-the-national-economy-of-the-cz","author":[{"name":"Ondřej Chaloupka"},{"name":"Ivan Foltýn"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":37,"pageTo":48,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483692-2016-rad-13-03-chaloupka.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-03-CHALOUPKA"},"abstract":"Continuous efforts to predict what is the most likely development and importance of the agricultural sector are being made in the long-term perspective. To this end, EAA prediction models (SZU-P1 and SZU-P2) were constructed, and coupled with a model that describes the importance and linkages of the ag- ricultural sector to other sectors within the national economy of the Czech Republic (HDP-1 model). The models described below can be used for measuring and simulation of impacts of the agricultural sector with downstream and upstream industries on the Czech GDP, but also monitoring flows and linkages of the total agri-food industry complex on the national economy."}},{"node":{"title":"Selected Aspects of the Internationalisation Process of the Czech Agricultural SMEs with Focus on the Success Factors","slug":"selected-aspects-of-the-internationalisation-process-of-the-czech-agricultural-sm","author":[{"name":"Marcela Tuzová"},{"name":"Martina Toulová"},{"name":"Lea Kubíčková"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":49,"pageTo":62,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483692-2016-rad-13-04-tuzova.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-04-TUZOVA"},"abstract":"Enterprises from all over the world face the pressure of strengthening international competition because of the globalisation of markets. Therefore, enterprises should react promptly to all these changes. One of the ways how enterprises can sustain their competitiveness or achieve further growth is their involvement in internationalisation, which means their foreign expansion. This paper deals with agricultural enterprises which also try to look for new ways how to sell their production even beyond the national borders, it means that they try to internationalise. There are a lot of factors which can influence the success of enterprises in foreign markets. What factors can contribute to the success of agricultural enterprises in foreign trade operations? It is the main question addressed in this paper."}},{"node":{"title":"Modelling of Economic Equilibrium in the Agrarian Sector (The AGRO-2014 Model)","slug":"modelling-of-economic-equilibrium-in-the-agrarian-sector-the-agro-2014-model","author":[{"name":"Ivan Foltýn"},{"name":"Olga Štiková"},{"name":"Ida Zedníčková"},{"name":"Ilona Mrhálková"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":63,"pageTo":75,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483693-2016-rad-13-05-foltyn.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-05-FOLTYN"},"abstract":"The article contains research results of the Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information (IAEI), Praha, for 2015, which focused on the development and use of the AGRO-2014 model. The model contains sections of agriculture, food processing, food retail (including catering without self-sufficiency), total food consumption (including catering and self-sufficiency) and food consumption per capita (in the detailed structure permitting nutritional evaluation). AGRO-2014 is a Leontieff ’s matrix-type model with a range of about 1,200 commodities. The model was used to calculate the total income and expenditure in the agrarian sector, to estimate the significance of imports and exports in this sector and to calculate an estimate of the trade margins on domestic and imported foods in the Czech Republic. Six variants of model simulations were calculated to calculate the coverage of the food consumption by the population in different sizes of the food exports and imports. Further on, the range of the trade margins on domestic and imported foods were analysed for 2007-2013. Model calculations did not confirm a hypothesis that market chains discriminate the Czech food against foreign competition."}},{"node":{"title":"Threats to Rural Society in the Czech Republic and its Future in the Context of Global Risks","slug":"threats-to-rural-society-in-the-czech-republic-and-its-future-in-the-context-of-g","author":[{"name":"Jiří Sálus"},{"name":"Tomáš Pilař"},{"name":"Věra Majerová"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":77,"pageTo":90,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483694-2016-rad-13-06-salus.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-06-SALUS"},"abstract":"The aim of the article is to capture the current and future risks of development of the Czech countryside and the rural population. Through socio-economic analysis and study of technical documents, the authors try to determine the consequences and causes of the problems in the Czech countryside and describe the negative effects of their resolution, regardless of whether it is a factor of global or local character."}},{"node":{"title":"Impact of the Old and Effect of the New Rural Development Programme in Hungary","slug":"impact-of-the-old-and-effect-of-the-new-rural-development-programme-in-hungary","author":[{"name":"Szabolcs Biro"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":91,"pageTo":101,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483695-2016-rad-13-07-biro.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-07-BIRO"},"abstract":"In Hungary, over the past decade, the development and up-grading of the infrastructure and basic services caused a decrease in regional differences and a decline in the characteristic differences between rural and urban lifestyles, and farms in various regions developed differently, depending on their conditions. The rural development programmes of the past decade provided opportunities for the rural economy, the regions and the society, they assisted to safeguard the environmental values, induced community initiatives and encouraged the actions of the rural population both financially and mentally. The main shortcoming of the present programmes is that they relieve the symptoms but do not encourage creative solutions and sustainable developments. The developments in rural areas are mainly driven by social needs and basic infrastructural requirements and not by the claim of economic development. The lesson learnt is that the investments are generated by the demand of the market and the rural development by itself is unable to stop the unfavourable regional processes and thus the lagging behind of the disadvantageous regions. Unlike the earlier programmes the present programme focuses on sectors, which produce high value added and ensure significant employment for the rural population. It also supports the development of food processing, livestock farming and horticulture. In the present paper we provide an overview of the main results and impacts of the rural development measures up to now and present the main parts and the new focus areas of the investment measures in the Rural Development Programme of 2014-2020."}},{"node":{"title":"Impact of CAP 2014-2020 on Sustainability of Polish Agriculture in the Light of Previous Research and Current Documents","slug":"impact-of-cap-2014-2020-on-sustainability-of-polish-agriculture-in-the-light-of-p","author":[{"name":"Julian T. Krzyżanowski"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":103,"pageTo":131,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483696-2016-rad-13-08-krzyzanowski.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-08-KRZYZANOWSKI"},"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to present new CAP solutions for 2014-2020, concerning sustainable development of agriculture. The basis for this research is the papers and reports prepared by the Institute within the framework of the Multi-Annual Programme for 2011-2014. Analysis of these works is complemented by Strategy for Sustainable Development of Rural Areas as well as by report drawn up by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development on direct payments in the new Financial Perspective. Analysis of the documents allows formulation of new research areas, for the coming years. Generally, there is some progress going on, at least in documents, however, changes are smaller, than it was expected from the first draft of the EU documents. On the other hand, it appears, explicitly, from the documents under scrutiny, that never in the CAP history, such a stress was given to the environmental issues. Financing of agri-environmental programmes also increased considerably. The years to come will show, whether documentary regulations were really implemented."}},{"node":{"title":"Income of Small Farms in Poland in 2013-2020","slug":"income-of-small-farms-in-poland-in-2013-2020","author":[{"name":"Artur Wilczyński"},{"name":"Ewa Kołoszycz"},{"name":"Michał Świtłyk"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":133,"pageTo":147,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483697-2016-rad-13-09-wilczynski.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-09-WILCZYNSKI"},"abstract":"Polish farms mostly represent small and very small economic size (60% of the total number of farms). Their economic viability is largely dependent on the help from the EU and the state, in the form of various support instruments. Their economic results are a factor in price changes on the agricultural market. By creating potential scenarios of the farms’ working conditions, we can assess their impact on the overall economic situation of the farms. To this end, scenario analysis was applied in the research along with the creation of models of small farms specialising in cattle and pig fattening, milk, cereals, oil seeds, and protein crops. The study has shown that for 2020, the most likely scenario assumes that all of the researched farms will have smaller incomes than in 2013. Entrepreneur’s profit for the studied farms will be negative. The most favourable economic situation might occur on dairy farms, which – according to the optimistic scenario – might achieve income parity. This results from changes in the new CAP system of direct payments."}},{"node":{"title":"How to Improve a Farm Financial Management? The Lesson from Poland","slug":"how-to-improve-a-farm-financial-management-the-lesson-from-poland","author":[{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":149,"pageTo":159,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483697-2016-rad-13-10-soliwoda.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-10-SOLIWODA"},"abstract":"There are some logical connections between financial results (as some kind of proxy for ‘outcomes’of financial management) at farm level and the income situation of the agricultural sector, in general. The main aim of this paper was to present selected challenges from the perspective of improvement of farm financial management in Poland. Multifaceted aspects for farm financial management in Poland were indicated. Key elements leading to a significant improvement of farm financial management were identified (within a proposed conceptual framework). Improvement of farm financial management as a long-term process (both at farm and sectoral levels) should concentrate on four components that are quite closely related to each other, namely: (1) human and social capital on rural areas,\n(2)\tinstitutions, (3) regulations, (4) financial products. Particular attention should be paid to providing reliable data for further processes of financial management. Thus, there is a strong need for promoting systems of agricultural accounting. Furthermore, institutional infrastructure may substantially affect popularisation techniques and tools for financial management at the farm (e.g. tools, based on some FADN solution, such as Individual Farm Report with additional report)."}},{"node":{"title":"Technical and Economic Security as a Part of Sustainable Development of Agricultural Enterprises of Ukraine","slug":"technical-and-economic-security-as-a-part-of-sustainable-development-of-agricultu","author":[{"name":"Oksana Perkhach"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":161,"pageTo":169,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483698-2016-rad-13-11-perkhach.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-11-PERKHACH"},"abstract":"Issues of economic security both regarding country and enterprise level are very acute under conditions of globalisation. Ukraine has a high agricultural potential: fertile land, suitable climate, favourable geographical location and others. However, there are factors that hinder the development of agriculture in this country. These include threats of technical and economic security. As a result of agrarian reform in Ukraine, the property of former collective farms passed into the ownership of private businesses. Technical equipment and other means of production were not modernised or repaired because of financial problems in many agricultural enterprises. As a result, farmers lost significant crop yields, which was reflected in low profitability of financial and economic activity. Market development of agrarian sector requires new approaches to technical support of agricultural enterprises. Modern agricultural producers need physical capital that provides high productivity, energy frugality and usability. The main purpose of this study is to explore the current status of technical and economic security of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine and to recommend ways of its improvement."}},{"node":{"title":"Impact of Moldovan Tax System on Local and Agriculture Sector Development: 25 Years of Experience and Challenges","slug":"impact-of-moldovan-tax-system-on-local-and-agriculture-sector-development-25-year","author":[{"name":"Diana Criclivaia"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":171,"pageTo":194,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483699-2016-rad-13-12-criclivaia.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-12-CRICLIVAIA"},"abstract":"Moldova's transition from planned to market economy required a total reconstruction of the tax system structure, particularly: taxes, tax administration and legislation of tax matters. However, in practice, Moldovan tax system (MTS) was not able to solve the multitude of problems that occurred. This system is unfair as it hampers economic growth, applying half measures, and does not ensure state programs and services are efficient especially on agriculture sector. The legal economy was substituted with “shadow one” that gets alarming proportions until present. The largest share in total informal employment holds agricultural sector, and the main contribution belongs to households. Due to the specificity of this type of employment, 80% of informally employed people are working in rural areas, which is detrimental for an economy where about 55% of population lives in rural areas and almost 28% are employed in agriculture. The paper aims to reveal the weaknesses and strengths of MTS, related to development on agriculture sector, considering several suggestions for most appropriate taxing culture changes (e.g. personalized VAT reform based on successful experience of Latin America)."}},{"node":{"title":"Complementarity of Multifunctional Agriculture and Rural Development with Rural Tourism and Possibilities for their Implementation in the Republic of Serbia","slug":"complementarity-of-multifunctional-agriculture-and-rural-development-with-rural-t","author":[{"name":"Predrag Vuković"},{"name":"Zoran Simonović"},{"name":"Nataša Kljajić"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":195,"pageTo":212,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483699-2016-rad-13-13-vukovic.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-13-VUKOVIC"},"abstract":"Rural economy is not strictly related to agriculture, but also includes the so-called non-agricultural income genereting activities in rural areas.. Rural areas in Serbia are characterised by spatial-geographic diversification, socio-economic devastation and relatively good ecological, cultural and historical preservation. Thus, the concept of sustainable development imposes itself as an imperative in strategic planning and is in line with the increasing demands for the development of rural tourism, because it is rural tourism provides opportunities and has the capability to connect a larger number of economic activities in rural areas. The concept of rural tourism cover two complex because it touches upon two important economic sectors: agriculture and tourism.\nThe key question for the Republic of Serbia is determining the “gap” between the current situation and the desired objective. To this end, the paper approaches the complex problem through phases. The first step shows theoretical and methodological approach to the concept of multifunctional agriculture. Later on, the concept of rural tourism is explained with a review of the current situation, and in the end complementarity within the development of rural tourism (between agriculture and tourism) is indicated as well as the significance it would have on initiating the overall economic activities in rural areas.\nExpectations, based on particular countries’ experiences in the European Union, are that the application of the model of multifunctional agriculture and within it the implementation of rural tourism in areas that possess the necessary conditions, could reinforce the overall economic activities and contribute to ending the current negative trends. The state with its institutional mechanisms and development policy should play an important role in this process."}},{"node":{"title":"Transfer of Knowledge and Innovation as a Model of Rural Development of Smederevo Region in Serbia","slug":"transfer-of-knowledge-and-innovation-as-a-model-of-rural-development-of-smederevo","author":[{"name":"Branko Mihailović"},{"name":"Drago Cvijanović"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":213,"pageTo":231,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483700-2016-rad-13-14-mihailovic.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-14-MIHAILOVIC"},"abstract":"Many factors affect low investments in Smederevo and among them, above all, are: high commercial and non-commercial risks, tardy economic transition and underdeveloped institutions, which guarantee in practice the rights deriving from the private property and contracts. Rural development in Smederevo requires that sources of competitiveness move toward high education, the efficient market and capability to earn on the existing technologies, i.e. the focus of agriculture should be moved from physical resources to knowledge, especially since agricultural enterprises in Smederevo have non-profitable business performances, which manifest through decline in the market share and profitability, increase in indebtedness, inadequate investments and the increased volume of new business ventures at the expense of the primary business. It is noticeable that the adequate entrepreneurial skills and the innovated managerial abilities and skills are necessary. Accordingly, exactly the development of innovation and transfer of innovative knowledge and technologies from the academic to agricultural sector are the most important form of activities, which stimulate development. In that sense, it is necessary to stimulate the common work  of universities, research institutions and agriculture as well as to use the equipment and knowledge of everybody at universities and institutes by the companies and vice versa and the student projects and practice. The policies of labour market should increase the participation of additional education programmes and training in measures of an active employment policy, which comprises the different programmes of qualifications and trainings, re-trainings and additional trainings, functional primary education of adults. At the same time, the above-mentioned programmes should be directed to the most vulnerable groups in the labour market and individuals with multiple vulnerability factors, first of all, through strengthening capacities at the local level for improvement of educational development and trainings in the field of agriculture and rural development."}},{"node":{"title":"Comparison of Structures, Development and Influence of Basic Conditions of Agriculture and Rural Development on Selected Alpine Regions","slug":"comparison-of-structures-development-and-influence-of-basic-conditions-of-agricul","author":[{"name":"Klaus Wagner"},{"name":"Julia Niedemayr"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":233,"pageTo":247,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483700-2016-rad-13-15-wagner.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-15-WAGNER"},"abstract":"The specific conditions of mountain and especially Alpine farming require experienced and qualified farmers to guarantee sustainable agriculture in a sound ecological and economic environment. Beside natural-resource endowment, cultural, social and political conditions are important influencing factors. Based on a comprehensive study conducted by the authors in 2015, this paper compares the current structures, the development and basic conditions of selected Alpine NUTS III regions in Austria, Germany, Switzerland, France, Italy and Slovenia.\nDespite the common location in the Alpine space and – with the exception of Switzerland – the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), the regions analysed show considerable variations in altitudes and climatic zones, regional demographic and economic contexts, different approaches in shaping the CAP as well as other basic socio-political conditions, for example taxation and rules of inheritance. Altogether these differences have led to very heterogeneous regional development paths and diverse effects on rural development in the area of conflicts between sustainability, resilience, competitiveness, preservation or innovation of structures, balancing or increasing regional disparities. Comparing these findings with   the respective overall national characteristics may be decisive in understanding the necessities of mountain farming."}},{"node":{"title":"Common agriculture policy and price stabilisation – the case of wheat market","slug":"common-agriculture-policy-and-price-stabilisation-the-case-of-wheat-market","author":[{"name":"Cezary Klimkowski"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":249,"pageTo":261,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483701-2016-rad-13-16-klimkowski.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-16-KLIMKOWSKI"},"abstract":"Agricultural prices volatility plays important role in the variety of economic processes. It directly impacts stability of farmers’ income and has impact on economic efficiency of agricultural production. In this paper volatility of prices on Polish, European Union and global wheat market is quantified. The aim of the article is to answer the question whether Polish wheat price volatility changed after joining the European Union. Using monthly prices for two subperiods 1993-2004 and 2005-2014 absolute and relative volatility was estimated. The results indicate that there was a substantial volatility growth after accession to the European Union. However when the relation of volatility on Polish market to that observed on European and global market was estimated, there was a fall in the level of relative volatility, especially when short-term fluctuation were excluded from analyzed time series. To identify changes in volatility transmission patters Granger causality tests were also conducted. Change in wheat price volatility transmission was revealed. Before joining the European Union volatility of Polish wheat prices was Granger caused by fluctuations on global market, while after 2004 European prices volatility was found to be a Granger cause of Polish wheat prices volatility."}},{"node":{"title":"Model of sustainable development at the level of local government","slug":"model-of-sustainable-development-at-the-level-of-local-government","author":[{"name":"Jonel Subić"},{"name":"Vesna Paraušić"},{"name":"Marko Jeločnik"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":263,"pageTo":283,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483702-2016-rad-13-17-subic.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-17-SUBIC"},"abstract":"The cooperation between local communities, scientific research institutions and LAGs ‒ local action groups (especially to development oriented agricultural farms, SMEs ‒ small and medium enterprises and entrepreneurs in the field of agriculture) is imposed as necessary during the establishment of the strategy of sustainable agriculture and rural development of any local community in the Republic of Serbia. Only with close cooperation of all interested local stakeholders can be set a realistic SWOT matrix that describes well state of agriculture and rural areas at the local level (picture of internal resources and development constraints, in the context of opportunities and threats of the environment), then definition of adequate development goals and directions of investment activities that would lead to the realization of determined goals of sustainable agricultural and rural development. As any local government should individually find the best possible modalities for making of its own plan for sustainable development of agriculture and rural development, the intention of the Institute of Agricultural Economics from Belgrade, in this case, was the establishment of model for sustainable development of agriculture and rural areas at the territory of Bački Petrovac municipality (Vojvodina region). The core of proposed model is contained in establishment of the document based on completeness and integrativity, social consensus, in other words participation of citizens, farmers and all stakeholders, in order to achieve more efficient decision-making process related to future capital investments."}},{"node":{"title":"Fiscal impulses influencing the development of the Polish agriculture in the period 2007-2015","slug":"fiscal-impulses-influencing-the-development-of-the-polish-agriculture-in-the-peri","author":[{"name":"Barbara Wieliczko"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":285,"pageTo":297,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483702-2016-rad-13-18-wieliczko.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-18-WIELICZKO"},"abstract":"Fiscal policy affects the economy through numerous channels. Fiscal impulses are defined as changes in government budget balance resulting from changes in budget expenditure and taxation [Shinasi, Lutz 1991]. The interest of economist in assessing fiscal impulses and determining their short and long-term impact on the economy has been growing since the 90s of the previous century. The role of fiscal impulses, also referred to as fiscal stimulus, is sometimes also analysed at the sectorial level. However, agriculture has not been found as a popular research issue. This is partly related to the fact that the estimation of output is in this sector of the economy is subject to even greater uncertainly than in other sectors. Therefore, it is more advisable to measure input rather than output [de Castro et al., 2010].\nIn both the EU and global economy the period 2007-2015 was characterized by a serious financial and economic crises that led in numerous countries to introducing stimulus packages or austerity measures. In Poland the negative impact of the EU and global crises was not that significant therefore the introduction of special measures was limited.\nYet, it is interesting to verify what were the fiscal impulses targeting the Polish agriculture and how they influenced the situation of this sector, which are the aims of this paper.\nThe results show that the fiscal policy towards agriculture remained in the analysed period relatively stable and thus its impact on agriculture was limited. However, small fiscal adjustments observed can be classified as expansionary."}},{"node":{"title":"Selected aspects of the development of rural systems in Visegrad Group countries","slug":"selected-aspects-of-the-development-of-rural-systems-in-visegrad-group-countries","author":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Bożena Karwat-Woźniak"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 13","year":2016,"no":13,"title":"Models for Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Areas in Central-Eastern European Countries","editor":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Michał Soliwoda"}],"slug":"volume-13"},"pageFrom":299,"pageTo":310,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483703-2016-rad-13-19-chmielinski.pdf","title":"2016-RAD-13-19-CHMIELINSKI"},"abstract":"Primary objective of the study is the empirical verification of the hypothesis that countries of the Visegrad Group, although different in terms of the agrarian structures, face the same problems related to rural systems, population and conditions for growth in rural economy. We base on Eurostat data and literature studies to show the basic common and different characteristics of rural development in all four analysed countries. It can be considered that while the Visegrad Group countries are characterized by different models of agricultural development that affect the picture of rural areas in these regions, structural problems, such as unfavourable demographic trends and the general level of economic development in relation to the EU average remain at a similar level. It should be emphasized that it is agriculture as a sector, its diversity in particular countries, diversified level of development (agricultural productivity) that makes it difficult to integrate development mechanisms directed by individual countries to rural areas."}}]}},"pageContext":{"slug":"volume-13"}},"staticQueryHashes":["2036182386","3000541721"]}