{"componentChunkName":"component---src-layouts-issue-js","path":"/issues/volume-14","result":{"data":{"allArticle":{"edges":[{"node":{"title":"Changes in social and economic development of small farms in Poland","slug":"changes-in-social-and-economic-development-of-small-farms-in-poland","author":[{"name":"Paweł Chmieliński"},{"name":"Bożena Karwat-Woźniak"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":9,"pageTo":20,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483909-2017-rad-14-01-chmielinski.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-01-CHMIELINSKI"},"abstract":"The article discusses the progress of changes in the area structure of individual farms and related to this changes in the number of workers in agriculture as well as the issue of unused labour resources in Poland. The research material are public statistics data (Polish Statistical Office – GUS) and the results of own research carried out at IAFE-NRI. A detailed analysis of the decline in the share of people working in agriculture among the total number of employed in our country indicates that in the recent period the scale of decline in the value of this indicator is accelerating. These tendencies were mainly the result of a much larger than before increase in the number of non-agricultural workers, especially among rural residents."}},{"node":{"title":"The characteristics of small farms and their development opportunities in Hungary","slug":"the-characteristics-of-small-farms-and-their-development-opportunities-in-hungary","author":[{"name":"Kemény Gábor"},{"name":"Rácz Katalin"},{"name":"Hamza Eszter"},{"name":"Keszthelyi Szilárd"},{"name":"Tóth Orsolya"},{"name":"Varga Éva"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":21,"pageTo":35,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483911-2017-rad-14-02-kemeny.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-02-KEMENY"},"abstract":"Small farms amount the largest group of agricultural holdings in Hungary, however their number significantly decreased by 36.4 per cent between 2005 and 2013. These predominantly subsistence or semi-subsistence farms are playing an important role by supplementing the rural household incomes and also producing the significant part of agricultural production. In our research, we examined the situation and future prospects of these small self-employed farms which are typically not engaged in market production and are not professional. The aim of the research was to present the major economic and social parameters of small farms, to identify their types, to border the circle of farms develop to market-oriented entities as well as to draw up development policy proposals."}},{"node":{"title":"Profitability and risk of crop and livestock production in Slovak farms","slug":"profitability-and-risk-of-crop-and-livestock-production-in-slovak-farms","author":[{"name":"Marián Tóth"},{"name":"Tomáš Rábek"},{"name":"Andrea Boháčiková"},{"name":"Ivan Holúbek"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":37,"pageTo":48,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483912-2017-rad-14-03-rabek.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-03-RABEK"},"abstract":"The paper focuses on profitability and risk of crop and livestock production based on an analysis of farms operating in the Slovak Republic. Risk in agriculture has been a matter of worldwide concern since 1933, when the concept of risk analysis was introduced. Agriculture is a sector facing particularly large risks, resulting mainly from natural factors outside the control of farmers. The resulting variations in farm output, combined with a relatively low price responsiveness of supply and demand, also cause agricultural markets to be rather volatile. The sources of risks that are relevant in agriculture have different characteristics, and can be classified in very different ways. Sources of risk include biological nature of production, dependency on climatic conditions, seasonality, animal and plant health, prices instability, policy regulations, and a range of macroeconomic factors."}},{"node":{"title":"Human resources in Slovak agriculture: impact of selected factors","slug":"human-resources-in-slovak-agriculture-impact-of-selected-factors","author":[{"name":"Radovan Savov"},{"name":"Drahoslav Lančarič"},{"name":"Jana Kozáková"},{"name":"Veronika Némethová"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":49,"pageTo":59,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483913-2017-rad-14-04-savov.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-04-SAVOV"},"abstract":"This study examines the impact of selected factors on employment in agriculture in Slovakia. Slovakia was known as an agricultural country, but employment in this sector has declined in the last two decades. The research is based on firm-level data from the database of the Slovak Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development for the years 1997, 2001, 2005, 2009 and 2013. The results show that wages and agricultural utilised area are the most significant factors that influence the number of employees in agriculture in Slovakia. Other factors such as production type (crop or livestock) and productivity were found to be less significant factors that influence employment in agriculture."}},{"node":{"title":"What kind of new solutions do we need to increase efficiency of land usage? – case studies from Poland and Hungary (who wins?)","slug":"what-kind-of-new-solutions-do-we-need-to-increase-efficiency-of-land-usage-case-s","author":[{"name":"Takács-György Katalin"},{"name":"Takács István"},{"name":"Adam Sadowski"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":61,"pageTo":74,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483914-2017-rad-14-05-takacs.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-05-TAKACS"},"abstract":"To find and adopt those farming activities, solutions and technologies that are suitable for effective production, ensuring the viability for the farmers by the product chain is one of the basic tasks of a sustainable economy. The limited area of arable land is one of our key resources in agriculture and in the life of rural areas as well. The aim of the study is to discuss the new paradigm of ‘degrowth’ along the potential alternative farming strategies focusing on the land question, based on thoughts of Serge Latouche. The new values (Réévaluer – reappraise) suggest the intent of preserving nature at least in the current condition. Both precision agriculture and herb plantations or organic production are tools in this and allow the efficient use of natural resources (Restructurer – restructuring factors of production). Each farming strategy in which the farmers’ cooperation is the base of an efficient machinery use (Restructurer – restructuring of social relationships), each technology that reduces the human-health risk (Réduire – reduction) shows into the direction of degrowth. We believe that it will not be possible to maintain  a sustainable economy without strengthening the rural areas, helping farmers to find successful ways/strategies for development, being innovative and to cooperate with each other. Values, attitudes, networks, trust and openness are important to both individual and social utility coincidence that promotes the sustainability of being viable, competitive in wider meaning: future orientation, ability to renew (development, imitation, synthesis), economic/social cooperation."}},{"node":{"title":"BioEast: Central-Eastern European initiative for knowledge-based agriculture, aquaculture and forestry in the bioeconomy","slug":"bioeast-central-eastern-european-initiative-for-knowledge-based-agriculture-aquac","author":[{"name":"Juhász Anikó"},{"name":"Vásáry Viktória"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":75,"pageTo":91,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483916-2017-rad-14-06-juhasz.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-06-JUHASZ"},"abstract":"The territory of the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries mostly belongs to the Continental and Pannonian Bio-geographical Regions. Specific and extreme changes in the weather resulting from the very nature of these Regions can be expected in the near future, and adaptation in agriculture and the bioeconomy is a challenge. Furthermore, in many of these countries the current levels of research, innovation, cooperation and lobbying are substantially below the European Union (EU) average, and this research and innovation divide in Europe hinders both the unlocking of excellence in the CEE region and the development of the European Research Area. BioEast is a new strategic research agenda designed to address these challenges. This paper, firstly, introduces the objectives and focus areas of BioEast; secondly recounts the CEE countries’ actions so far; thirdly describes the institutional set-up of BioEast; fourthly summarises the conclusions from the BioEast workshop held in Budapest on 21-22 February 2017; and fifthly shows how BioEast can help to focus the EU’s agricultural research agenda, especially Horizon 2020, the research and innovation framework programme for the period 2014-2020. Five specific topics are proposed: (a) coordination of bioeconomy-related research and innovation activities; (b) response to climate change and socio-economic challenges; (c) a buffer zone against pathogens; (d) freshwater fish production; and (e)integrated biomass production. Finally, some future actions for BioEast are suggested."}},{"node":{"title":"Four ideal types for Leaderability: Cases from Local Action Groups","slug":"four-ideal-types-for-leaderability-cases-from-local-action-groups","author":[{"name":"Piermichele La Sala"},{"name":"Gianluigi De Pascale"},{"name":"Raffaele Dicecca"},{"name":"Mariantonietta Fiore"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":93,"pageTo":106,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483916-2017-rad-14-07-lasala.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-07-LA_SALA"},"abstract":"Among the European Union-funded programmes supporting development, the LEADER approach aims to promote the peculiarities of rural areas through an innovative participatory approach based on the following key words: participation, decentralisation, partnership and devolution of managerial functions to communities. The approach has been running for 20 years and plays a key role in the development of European rural areas; however, it is still a quite new system for East European countries. In this framework, is the LEADER approach the perfect tool to tackle European rural development issues? This paper explores and compares the implementation of the LEADER approach in Bulgaria, comparing it with Apulia region in Italy, through a web survey administrated to Local Action Groups (LAGs): respondents were 10 Bulgarian and 15 Italian LAGs. The surveyed LAGs deal with diverse challenges concerning the adoption of the LEADER approach, partnerships, available resources and, above all, decision power in the local area. The analysis investigates the so-called ‘Leaderability’ faced by the LAGs, focusing on the main role they cover in the local area: the aim is to examine whether the selected LAGs match with the LEADER features. The results show that most of the Bulgarian and Italians cases consider the LAG as a rural development agency by using strategies, resources and partnerships fitting with the model of Leaderability. The implications shed some light on the need to find a clearer identity according to the diverse LEADER ideal types they can shape, such as information diffusion centre or expertise and competence centre with different responsibilities."}},{"node":{"title":"Enabling environments for rural innovations: lessons learned from Rural Development Programmes in Italy, 2007-2013","slug":"enabling-environments-for-rural-innovations-lessons-learned-from-rural-developmen","author":[{"name":"Simona Cristiano"},{"name":"Patrizia Proietti"},{"name":"Marta Striano"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":107,"pageTo":118,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483917-2017-rad-14-08-cristiano.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-08-CRISTIANO"},"abstract":"The European Innovation Partnership for Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability (EIP-Agri) aims to foster the competitiveness and sustainability of the agriculture and forestry sectors. In the 2014-2020 rural development programmes (RDPs), Operational Groups are multi-actor projects aimed at building bridges between different actors, in order to speed up the development of farmer-driven innovative projects. The Managing Authorities of the RDPs have a crucial role in setting the scene for enabling and promoting such innovation processes. The aim of this research is to explore the different policy frameworks adopted by the Italian regions to support cooperation for innovation projects in RDPs in the period 2007-2013. These were analysed against the conceptual background outlined by the European Commission and the international literature on the interactive approach to innovation processes (EC, 2013). The study is supported by the use of a mixed-methods approach, based on desk and on field research, qualitative and quantitative methods. The results of this research illustrate (a) the relevance of well-defined policy and programme setting to enable innovative environments; (b) differentiation of innovative processes according to local agricultural systems; (c) project-driven innovation approaches might not support the capacity development on innovation;\n(d) the importance of networking instruments – such as national networks – particularly in regionalised MSs; and (e) the importance of appropriate monitoring and evaluation tools and methods to follow innovations and their effects."}},{"node":{"title":"Cooperative approaches to targeted implementation of Agri-Environmental Schemes and the establishment of a case study in Hesse, Germany","slug":"cooperative-approaches-to-targeted-implementation-of-agri-environmental-schemes-a","author":[{"name":"Bernd Müller"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":119,"pageTo":133,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483918-2017-rad-14-09-muller.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-09-MULLER"},"abstract":"The increasing intensification of agricultural production and the associated simplification of landscape structure is a major threat to biodiversity. The current Agri-Environmental Scheme (AES) funding structure is lacking the incentive for farmers to participate actively in environmental management and achieve greater environmental objectives. The effectiveness of the AES is a heavily debated topic, since it is not always spatially targeted and in some cases does not consider synergies and trade-offs among the objectives. A case study design was developed to assess whether group approaches have higher degrees of achievement in the allocation of suitable priority areas for species conservation in a landscape. From existing national and international agri-environmental group oriented approaches, an agri-environmental and biodiversity concept for a region in Hesse (Germany) was derived. With a case study in Hesse (Germany), the suitability of such a concept should be controlled and it is to be considered what modifications are necessary in order to use group-oriented approaches successfully. The idea behind the case study is not only to coordinate AES bilaterally between the public sector and individual farmers, but also to look at the best way to reward the farmers for their participation. It is more about sharing knowledge on biodiversity issues with farmers, in the hope of encouraging them to cooperate, and to promote a mutual commitment in the area of regional habitat and species protection."}},{"node":{"title":"National Strategy for Agriculture in Romania – Horizon 2035","slug":"national-strategy-for-agriculture-in-romania-horizon-2035","author":[{"name":"Cecilia Alexandri"},{"name":"Camelia Gavrilescu"},{"name":"Lucian Luca"},{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":135,"pageTo":152,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483919-2017-rad-14-10-alexandri.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-10-ALEXANDRI"},"abstract":"In this paper we formulate and develop foundation targets for the Romanian agri-food sector in the short, medium and long terms. The national strategy must have in view the main impact trends such as: innovation, knowledge transfer, institutional cooperation and re-organisation, infrastructure development, cohesion between the local, regional, national and European policies and projects. The development in the world of tomorrow,  Horizon 2020-2035,  is expected to include: significant technological advances in biology, genetics and agriculture; development of communication, IT, cognitive sciences; China’s economic rise; European demographic decline; European Union (EU) economic stagnation and gradual loss of competitiveness in the face of new emergent countries; climate changes. In this context, the conditionality of the population’s food security draws attention to major issues that Romania will face in the medium and long terms, such as: population decline and aging, progressive depletion   of the productive potential of soil in the absence of supporting measures, and research fragility for agriculture sector. To answer the questions related to food safety and security in Romania towards 2030-2035, SWOT analysis was used for the following products: cereals, vegetables, fruit, meat and processed products. The analysis revealed certain vulnerabilities: Romania’s domestic agricultural supply is insufficient in a range of products; annual instability for domestic agricultural supply; Romania’s competitiveness in many agricultural products is problematic, and the integration into the European single market has amplified these problems; low level of processing the agricultural raw materials and of value added; low income and income gaps between the residence areas resulting in food insecurity; existing problems in rural areas, mainly with weak infrastructure; poor food consumption in terms of quality. Then, we defined three main strategic directions for food security and safety in Romania, in the next two decades, trying to identify those areas on which Romania should focus its efforts to reach performance convergent with the developed countries of the EU. The proposed scenarios show the ways in which we see to achieve the identified targets."}},{"node":{"title":"It is all about the risk – how can an enabling environment for agricultural innovation be created within the Common Agricultural Policy?","slug":"it-is-all-about-the-risk-how-can-an-enabling-environment-for-agricultural-innovat","author":[{"name":"Barbara Wieliczko"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":153,"pageTo":167,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483919-2017-rad-14-11-wieliczko.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-11-WIELICZKO"},"abstract":"When creating an enabling environment for agricultural innovation adoption, it is not only the financial risk that has to be taken into account but also other aspects of risk and their behavioural determinants. The paper applies a systematic review approach to present the recent findings on behavioural factors that determine farmers’ participation in different policy schemes that should be taken into account when shaping innovation support instruments within the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). The aim of the paper is to present what should be the next steps in developing an enabling environment for innovation adoption within the CAP and in which direction future research on adoption of innovations by farmers should go."}},{"node":{"title":"The LEADER Programme as a vehicle in promoting social capital in rural regions: a critical assessment and examples from the case of Greece","slug":"the-leader-programme-as-a-vehicle-in-promoting-social-capital-in-rural-regions-a","author":[{"name":"Helen Caraveli"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":169,"pageTo":183,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483920-2017-rad-14-12-caraveli.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-12-CARAVELI"},"abstract":"The ‘new rural paradigm’ in Europe, applied through the Rural Development Programmes (RDPs), places at the centre of academic analysis and policy formation the concept of ‘territorial dynamics’ as an important vehicle for growth in rural regions. The term denotes “specific regional and local factors, structures and tendencies” which would facilitate the creation of ‘smart places’ among EU regions – according to the 2020 EU strategy terminology – competitive on a regional and global scale. As ‘social capital’ lies at the centre of the above intangible elements this paper critically examines the contribution of the LEADER axis in promoting it, through its bottom-up and place-based approach. After a brief presentation of the programme’s philosophy and methods of application, its relationship with social capital elements is established. A discussion follows on the lack of sufficient attention to social capital in conventional evaluation methods of LEADER. LEADER’s efficiency in stimulating aspects of social capital in rural regions is assessed with reference to case studies on Greece, which appears to be a good case for highlighting the difficulties in applying the bottom-up approach in rural regions but also the challenges that this process involves in inducing territorial/regional development. This is due to the country’s low overall level of social capital resulting from a number of structural/social characteristics. The paper concludes with pointing out the need for more in-depth research on this topic so that lessons for local strategies can be drawn."}},{"node":{"title":"Understanding the initiators of social innovation in rural areas","slug":"understanding-the-initiators-of-social-innovation-in-rural-areas","author":[{"name":"Katonáné Kovács Judit"},{"name":"Szabados Andrea"},{"name":"Anna Augustyn"},{"name":"Paulo Alves"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":185,"pageTo":195,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483921-2017-rad-14-13-katonane.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-13-KATONANE"},"abstract":"As in the social innovation literature, the role of initiators / agentic engines is highlighted, the purpose of the paper is to deepen the understanding of initiators in the social innovation process and to further develop its evaluation. Accepting that the role of individuals is one of the most important aspects of the social innovation process, the main question posed in this study is how to develop the evaluation of this aspect further, and how to make it more objective. To get a deeper understanding of agentic engines, beyond literature review a group profile of selected social innovators is analysed. The results are based on their Profile XT personal competence assessments (provided by Profiles International Hungary) as well as in-depth interviews with them. The research reveals four elements for rating initiators: having a vision (purpose driven), being interested in serving people (Relationship System Intelligence), being proactive (positive attitude) and having a diverse network (outsider and insider)."}},{"node":{"title":"LEADER Local Action Groups and their innovative approaches to rural development in South Bohemia in the post-crisis period","slug":"leader-local-action-groups-and-their-innovative-approaches-to-rural-development-i","author":[{"name":"Jiří Sálus"},{"name":"Tomáš Pilař"},{"name":"Anna Bábíková"},{"name":"Věra Majerova"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":197,"pageTo":213,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483922-2017-rad-14-14-salus.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-14-SALUS"},"abstract":"The article is focused on the role of regional identity and local organisation in rural development during and after the global economic crisis. The relationship among these phenomena was investigated on LEADER Local Action Group development documents 2007-2013 and 2014-2020 in the South Bohemia Region of the Czech Republic. The methodology is based on discursive analysis of text and socio-economic analysis."}},{"node":{"title":"New ways of partnership in rural development planning","slug":"new-ways-of-partnership-in-rural-development-planning","author":[{"name":"Dancsokné Fóris Edina"},{"name":"Kollányi László"},{"name":"Filepné Kovács Krisztina"},{"name":"Hubayné Horváth Nóra"},{"name":"Szilvácsku Zsolt"},{"name":"Mikházi Zsuzsanna"},{"name":"Máté Klaudia"},{"name":"Illyés Zsuzsanna"},{"name":"Török Éva"},{"name":"Szabados Zsuzsanna"},{"name":"Sallay Ágnes"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":215,"pageTo":227,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483924-2017-rad-14-15-dancsokne.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-15-DANCSOKNE"},"abstract":"In the programming period 2014-2020 the LEADER Local Action Groups (LAG) are facing new challenges in finding new ways for effective planning, management and creating synergies to be prepared for the implementation of multi-funded community-led local development approach. The Faculty  of Landscape Architecture and Urbanism of Szent István University carried out several landscape planning processes on rural areas with strong territorial focus, handling environmental and societal conflicts in a sustainable manner in the course of its educational programme. The Faculty members and the LAG  for Living Balaton Uplands (Éltető Balaton-felvidékért Helyi Akciócsoport) have established a flourishing partnership to share information and gain practice in landscape based planning management and science communication among all the actors of rural development such as farmers, business people, local government, civil organizations, and of science, including researchers, planners and advisors. In our paper we highlight the results and experiences of this multiple co-operation in complex and integrated rural development planning process in two pilot micro-regions in Hungary."}},{"node":{"title":"Polish experience of social farming in Bory Tucholskie area","slug":"polish-experience-of-social-farming-in-bory-tucholskie-area","author":[{"name":"Ryszard Kamiński"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":229,"pageTo":239,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483925-2017-rad-14-16-kaminski.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-16-KAMINSKI"},"abstract":"After Poland’s accession to the European Union, there was an accelerated process of diversification of the income situation of farms in Poland. Many of them have problems to make a living from agricultural production. At the same time, the problem and the scale of the whole society becomes a demand for care in old age. This article describes the possibility of providing care on farms in the formula of care farm. The various forms of care farms quoted in the article are part of a wider trend of social farming. The first attempt to create a Polish care farm in Tuchola Forest offers hope for real development of this form of economic activity in the country."}},{"node":{"title":"Innovation on agroforestry education, training and practice to develop rural living and environment supported by the AgroFE Leonardo and Agrof-MM Erasmus+ projects","slug":"innovation-on-agroforestry-education-training-and-practice-to-develop-rural-livin","author":[{"name":"Herdon Miklós"},{"name":"Várallyai László"},{"name":"Lengyel Péter"},{"name":"Pancsira János"},{"name":"Pető Károly"},{"name":"Charles Burriel"},{"name":"Helene Coch"},{"name":"Tamás János"},{"name":"Blaskó Lajos"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":241,"pageTo":255,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483925-2017-rad-14-17-herdon.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-17-HERDON"},"abstract":"Agroforestry can be applied to all agricultural systems, in all parts of Europe. Europe has a unique heritage of traditional agroforestry systems with a high environmental and cultural value and high potential for innovative modern agroforestry systems developed by research centres across Europe during the last two decades. In recent years, following scientific research, the development of structures and professional experiments in agroforestry has gained national and European recognition. In some European countries, namely Belgium, France and the UK, professional organisations and training organisations have begun to reintroduce agroforestry with training of agricultural students and adults in further education. The main objective of the AgroFE and Agrof-MM projects is to develop an agroforestry training system based on a common framework and core content, and to promote training at European level. The knowledge databank is a component of the project training system. It aims to gather and share a set of documents, resources that partners can use and which will have been accessed by learners and the public users. The core content of different levels of training and the knowledge databank has been developed and the distribution of the results are in progress across Europe by innovative ICT tools."}},{"node":{"title":"Competitiveness and innovation in rural Romania","slug":"competitiveness-and-innovation-in-rural-romania","author":[{"name":"Monica Tudor"},{"name":"Mihai Alexandru Chitea"},{"name":"Elisabeta Stefania Rosu"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":257,"pageTo":273,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483926-2017-rad-14-18-tudor.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-18-TUDOR"},"abstract":"In the recent period, public actions and policies have been increasingly oriented towards the improvement of economic competitiveness on account of numerous studies that signal the problems generated by the loss of performance from this perspective. This study attempts to identify the main factors that make the regional economies in Romania vulnerable in the face of competitors, mainly for the regions with strong and medium rurality features, i.e. the Predominantly rural (PR) counties and the Intermediate counties – classified according to the OECD methodology. The results of the study showed that the factors that largely contribute to widening the regional disparities with regard to rural competitiveness, making the PR counties more vulnerable are the following: (i) access to innovation and (2) the value of exports, in both the non-agricultural and agrifood economy."}},{"node":{"title":"Economic and social changes in rural areas in Poland","slug":"economic-and-social-changes-in-rural-areas-in-poland","author":[{"name":"Agnieszka Wrzochalska"},{"name":"Barbara Chmielewska"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":275,"pageTo":288,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483927-2017-rad-14-19-wrzochalska.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-19-WRZOCHALSKA"},"abstract":"Poland’s accession to the European Union has had a significant effect on the socio-economic situation of rural dwellers. The quality of life in rural areas is worse than in the cities, which is primarily due to lower income of rural residents. Also, the level of expenditure is lower, mainly with respect to higher needs. The equipment of households with basic technical installations and durable goods, especially modern, is also worse in rural areas than in the urban areas. The rural population evaluates subjectively their quality of life as worse than the urban population and they also believe that the ability to satisfy their needs is worse than in the cities. Rural development policy should continue pursuing actions contributing to the development of entrepreneurship, renewal and development of villages, in order to ensure sustainable development of rural areas, also with regard to technical infrastructure, which contributes to improvement in the living conditions and the conditions of business operations of the inhabitants of rural areas. This will contribute to bridging a gap of economic and social disparities between urban and rural population."}},{"node":{"title":"The economic context of climate change impacts and an evaluation of the impacts of the proposed adaptation measures in the South Moravian region of the Czech Republic","slug":"the-economic-context-of-climate-change-impacts-and-an-evaluation-of-the-impacts-o","author":[{"name":"Marie Trantinová"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":289,"pageTo":299,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483927-2017-rad-14-20-trantinova.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-20-TRANTINOVA"},"abstract":"The problem of climate change was the subject of the project EEA-CZ02-OV-1-039-2015, which was carried out by partners from the Czech Republic and Norway. Cost-benefit analysis was applied for 36 cadastral units where co-investigators suggested adaptation measures on the impacts of drought, erosion, retention and torrential rains. Costs were investments for the creation measures, and loss of production from the area where the action was on the arable land. Benefits were based on reducing the negative impacts of climate change and ecosystem services. The results of the analysis clearly showed that the implementation of adaptation measures could bring societal benefits beyond the cost of the measures. Net social benefits at current value are estimated at nearly CZK 55 million for the 2017-2040 timeframe while maintaining the current situation and implementing measures. Finally, the project develops a comprehensive strategy to harmonise and link the partial conclusions into the linkages and ensuring the synergy effect of different types of instruments (e.g. economic, legislative, planning approach)."}},{"node":{"title":"The role of Agroforestry Innovation Networks in rural development of the Eastern-European Region","slug":"the-role-of-agroforestry-innovation-networks-in-rural-development-of-the-eastern","author":[{"name":"Vityi Andrea"},{"name":"María Rosa Mosquera-Losada"},{"name":"Robert Borek"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":301,"pageTo":310,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483928-2017-rad-14-21-vityi.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-21-VITYI"},"abstract":"Agroforestry systems can increase resource efficiency, enhance productivity and improve the overall resilience of agro-ecosystems. The potential of agroforestry to contribute to sustainable rural development has been recognised in research and political circles, but still there are several obstacles for the implementation of these systems. National innovation networks have an important role in promoting land use best practices. In recent years, eastern European countries have gained the possibility to contribute to the research and development activities of the European agroforestry community. As a result, the first national agroforestry innovation networks have been established in the region. The paper introduces good examples of such initiatives in Eastern Europe."}},{"node":{"title":"Green infrastructure and EU agricultural policy","slug":"green-infrastructure-and-eu-agricultural-policy","author":[{"name":"Krisztina Filep-Kovács"},{"name":"Sándor Jombach"},{"name":"István Valánszki"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":311,"pageTo":324,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483930-2017-rad-14-22-filep-kovacs.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-22-FILEP-KOVACS"},"abstract":"We explored the trends and scales of landscape changes in two pilot rural regions of different landscape characters in Hungary (micro-region Csorna, micro-region Gönc). The result of the continuous intensification is the loss of biodiversity and shrinking of the natural, semi natural vegetation, habitats. To halt the loss of biodiversity the European Union has introduced the ‘greening’ measures in the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). These measures contribute to realising the objectives of green infrastructure (GI) planning. Green infrastructure represents a crucial approach in maintenance and development of ecosystems and ecosystem services. In our study we explored the relationships between the greening of the CAP and GI planning. We formulated the most important GI development objectives in our pilot regions. We elaborated three different scenarios based on the present trends and the realisation of GI development objectives in these regions. The scenarios show that the present incentives for GI development are not enough to halt the loss of biodiversity and enhance life quality of rural regions."}},{"node":{"title":"Innovation in farming and rural areas in Hungary and Romania: its current state and determining factors","slug":"innovation-in-farming-and-rural-areas-in-hungary-and-romania-its-current-state-an","author":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Monica Mihaela Tudor"},{"name":"Varga Eszter"},{"name":"Violeta Florian"},{"name":"Marioara Rusu"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"},{"name":"Vergina Chiritescu"},{"name":"Mihaela Kruszlicika"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 14","year":2017,"no":14,"title":"Knowledge sharing and innovation in agriculture and rural areas","editor":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Biró Szabolcs"}],"slug":"volume-14"},"pageFrom":325,"pageTo":339,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580483930-2017-rad-14-23-fieldsend.pdf","title":"2017-RAD-14-23-FIELDSEND"},"abstract":"Increasing attention is being given to the role of innovation in promoting rural development and sustainable intensification of agriculture. By means of quantitative data and semi-structured interviews with representatives of the main actors in the rural and agricultural innovation chains, this paper compares and contrasts the status and role of innovation among rural actors and farmers in Hungary and Romania. In both countries, many NUTS3 regions are predominantly rural (PR), showing the importance of promoting innovation in agriculture and rural areas. In Hungary the percentage of households in PR regions having subscribed to broadband Internet connection was almost double that of Romania and the selected education and training indicators (both among the general population and among farmers) were also higher. The state of innovation in farming in the two countries is assessed by the interviewees to be weak and it was confirmed that many farmers are either simply followers of innovation, or do not attach importance to innovation. In Romania, foreign/multinational firms/companies are believed to be the major producers of innovation. Although in both countries the state is perceived to have a major role in the mediation of innovation, governmental organisations could do more to improve innovation. It remains to be seen whether the current policy interventions will stimulate an increase in innovation in the two countries."}}]}},"pageContext":{"slug":"volume-14"}},"staticQueryHashes":["2036182386","3000541721"]}