{"componentChunkName":"component---src-layouts-issue-js","path":"/issues/volume-3","result":{"data":{"allArticle":{"edges":[{"node":{"title":"The EU-Rural Development Policy in Austria","slug":"the-eu-rural-development-policy-in-austria","author":[{"name":"Klaus Wagner"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 3","year":2005,"no":3,"title":"Rural development capacity in Carpathian Europe","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-3"},"pageFrom":7,"pageTo":22,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580472955-2005-rad-03-01-wagner.pdf","title":"2005_RAD_03_01_WAGNER"},"abstract":"The Common Agricultural Policy of the EU influences the agriculture in production but also in different functions as there are the Junction of resource protection, recreation, landscape diversity and spatial structuring. Especially in a comparison  of regions on both side of the farmer Iron Curtain the ejfects of a different agricultural policy can be observed, illustrated on the example of Austria/Hungary. Austria concentrates on the rural development with already 65% of the subsidies in the second pillar of the CAP with a lot of different measures. The largest parts of it go to the environmental measures and to the measures for less favoured areas."}},{"node":{"title":"Protected landscape areas and regional development (the case of the Czech Republic)","slug":"protected-landscape-areas-and-regional-development-the-case-of-the-czech-republic","author":[{"name":"Jan Těšitel"},{"name":"Drahomira Kušová"},{"name":"Matejka K."},{"name":"Michael Bartoš"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 3","year":2005,"no":3,"title":"Rural development capacity in Carpathian Europe","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-3"},"pageFrom":23,"pageTo":36,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580472974-2005-rad-03-02-tesitel.pdf","title":"2005_RAD_03_02_TESITEL"},"abstract":"The focal point of this article is to discuss whether or not, or to which extent, nature protection can be considered a factor differentiating the level or speed of regional socio-economic development. We decided to use empirical evidence in order to test the historical belief that nature protection poses limits to economic development that may lead to stagnation if not decline in areas where it is applied. We used three large-scale Czech protected areas and tested the hypothesis saying that areas under special regime of management due to nature protection sujfer from economic underdevelopment. Based on the analysis both of objective data and subjective rejlection of the situation by local population we can conclude that protected areas should not be seen as territories a priori handicapped."}},{"node":{"title":"Lagging Rural Areas in Post-Socialist Hungary","slug":"lagging-rural-areas-in-post-socialist-hungary","author":[{"name":"Teréz Kovács"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 3","year":2005,"no":3,"title":"Rural development capacity in Carpathian Europe","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-3"},"pageFrom":37,"pageTo":48,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580473003-2005-rad-03-03-kovacs.pdf","title":"2005_RAD_03_03_KOVACS"},"abstract":"The early years of the post-socialist era saw the beginnings of massive regional and social differentiation in Hungary, which led to the emergence of three regional types. In the economic race there are those regions that develop vigo rously, others that can be labelled as transition regions and still others that lag behind the first two. This holds true both for rural areas and the country as a whole. Rapidly developing rural areas lie in the vicinity of towns and cities with good employment opportunities, in favourable communication hubs, in resort areas or ones existing in isolation across the country. Rural areas lagging behind are invariably situated in regions that rely on heavy industry or only on large-scale farming.\n\nThe lecture discusses, in detail, a survey on a village community in a typical backward region, where the proportion of losers amounts to two-thirds of the local society. It also seeks to identify the causes of the social gap in Hungary's rural areas, to explain why they are trailing economically."}},{"node":{"title":"Demographic changes of rural population in Slovakia","slug":"demographic-changes-of-rural-population-in-slovakia","author":[{"name":"Peter Podolak"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 3","year":2005,"no":3,"title":"Rural development capacity in Carpathian Europe","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-3"},"pageFrom":49,"pageTo":62,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580473024-2005-rad-03-04-podolak.pdf","title":"2005_RAD_03_04_PODOLAK"},"abstract":"The absolute and relative decline of the rural population numbers is one of the most evident features of demographic development in Slovakia. The most intensive decline was observed during the period of  extensive  urbanization (1970-1985). The general political and socio-economic changes after 1989 significantly injluenced and slowed-down the emigration processes from rural settlements to urban centres. This development has a deep impact on the basie demographic characteristics of the rural population in the country. The here presented evaluation of demographic changes of rural population in Slovakia accounts also for the national and regional dimension."}},{"node":{"title":"Unemployment as a reason of social exclusion - spatial analysis for Poland","slug":"unemployment-as-a-reason-of-social-exclusion-spatial-analysis-for-poland","author":[{"name":"Konrad Ł. Czapiewski"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 3","year":2005,"no":3,"title":"Rural development capacity in Carpathian Europe","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-3"},"pageFrom":63,"pageTo":77,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580473043-2005-rad-03-05-czapiewski.pdf","title":"2005_RAD_03_05_CZAPIEWSKI"},"abstract":"Social exclusion is a situation posing limitations to a particular individual or a group, or even disabling them to access public goods and social infrastructure and to acquire resources and income in a decent way. Unemployment is the situation when a part of people who are able to work, look for a job and accept existing level of salaries, cannot find any employment. This phenomenon is seen the most clearly in eastern Poland, in the counties situated in the outskirts of Mazowieckie, Lubelskie, Świętokrzyskie and Podkarpackie voivodships. In turn, in best positions are the inhabitants of cities and their suburbs. When compared, differences of social exclusion and of development potential of rural areas show significant degree of spatial correlation of both phenomena. The areas of the highest unemployment are those of the lowest economic and infrastructural development indicator. Lower potential of development of these areas is an effect of lack of non-agricultural economic activities, which then translates info higher degree of social exclusion and poverty in theses areas."}},{"node":{"title":"Major changes in the Hungarian micro-regions","slug":"major-changes-in-the-hungarian-micro-regions","author":[{"name":"Bálint Csatári"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 3","year":2005,"no":3,"title":"Rural development capacity in Carpathian Europe","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-3"},"pageFrom":79,"pageTo":94,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580473061-2005-rad-03-06-csatari.pdf","title":"2005_RAD_03_06_CSATARI"},"abstract":"This paper analyses first and foremost the micro-regional (NUTS-JV) level changes of the past 15 years in Hungary, adopting the method of multivariate factor and cluster analysis as its fundamental approach.\n\nAccepting the popular view that Hungary is a \"highly rural\" country, this study first provides an overview of academic and political debates over the definition of rurality, then it goes on to examine the principal geographic factors of rural areas, namely the natural environment, agriculture and other economic activities, accessibility, infrastructure, settlement networks as well as local society and culture, assessing these factors on a nation-wide scale.\n\nSecondly, this study examines the interaction between the above-mentioned quantifiable factors and the strength of these changes, with the help of a statistical (factor) analysis performed for various chronological limes.\n\nFinally, for the purpose of a comprehensive and integrated rural development, we identify, using the method of cluster analysis, the individual settlement types with various characteristics and evaluate them as well as the typical spatial processes taking place in these settlements."}},{"node":{"title":"Romanian rural development and foreign direct investments","slug":"romanian-rural-development-and-foreign-direct-investments","author":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 3","year":2005,"no":3,"title":"Rural development capacity in Carpathian Europe","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-3"},"pageFrom":95,"pageTo":111,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580473078-2005-rad-03-07-voicilas.pdf","title":"2005_RAD_03_07_VOICILAS"},"abstract":"Investment activity has a central position in economic life, both in production and consumption, being the factor that simultaneously influences demand and supply of goods and services. Investments are the main instrument for achieving economic growth. By carrying out investment projects the newer and more modern technologies can be implemented, hence they represent an instrument for economic modernisation by which new structures can be created, more effective, conform to the strategic options for future development."}},{"node":{"title":"Agricultural markets in the new member states - development of agricultural production in Hungary","slug":"agricultural-markets-in-the-new-member-states-development-of-agricultural-production-in-hungary","author":[{"name":"Jozsef Popp"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 3","year":2005,"no":3,"title":"Rural development capacity in Carpathian Europe","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-3"},"pageFrom":113,"pageTo":137,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580473097-2005-rad-03-08-popp.pdf","title":"2005_RAD_03_08_POPP"},"abstract":"The paper analyses the impact of EU enlargement on the agricultural markets in the 10 New Member States (EU-N1O). A high level of integration of markets of the EU-25 was achieved prior to enlargement. 65% of all agricultural exports of the EU-N1O and 69% of all imports went to EU-25 destinations over the last years prior to accession. The intensity of production and the productivity are relatively low in the EU-N1O as compared to the EU-15. It means that agricultural potential can be only gradually used and structural adjustment will continue. The market impact of enlargement seems to be positive for the EU-N1O. Agricultural production will stabilise in the area of cereal and meat production. Agricultural markets will benefit from the trade creation  effects  of the integration  into the single market and from the support of the CAP.\n\nCompetitiveness of arabie crop production in Hungary is out of question; however, its structure is vulnerable to changes of the CAP (introduction of the Single Payment Scheme: SPS). This is particularly true for potato, tobacco, sugar beet, and tomata production. Competition between maize and other major cereal production is strongly dependent on the intervention price level. Outlook for livestock production, especially for the pork-meat, poultry-meat, and milk production is rather depressing."}},{"node":{"title":"Land use and ownership and the Czech farm development","slug":"land-use-and-ownership-and-the-czech-farm-development","author":[{"name":"Tomáš Doucha"},{"name":"Emil Divila"},{"name":"Michal Fischer"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 3","year":2005,"no":3,"title":"Rural development capacity in Carpathian Europe","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-3"},"pageFrom":139,"pageTo":151,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580473114-2005-rad-03-09-doucha.pdf","title":"2005_RAD_03_09_DOUCHA"},"abstract":"Characteristics of the present land usage, land ownership and the land market in the Czech Republic - the distribution of the Czech Utilised Agricultural Area (UAA) among owners and users, driving barriers on the Czech Land market. A regional view on the Czech UAA from the points of view of natural conditions, agro-environmental and rural sensitivity. Definition of policy scenarios for the 2013 horizon with the respect of coupled/decoupled direct payments, LFA payments, legislation related to the land market. Possible impacts of the scenarios on the Czech land market development, land usage and land ownership. Conclusions: main policy issues related to the agricultural/rural development in the Czech Republic."}},{"node":{"title":"Changes of agricultural landscape in the administrative regions of Slovakia in 1990-2000","slug":"changes-of-agricultural-landscape-in-the-administrative-regions-of-slovakia-in-1990-2000","author":[{"name":"Ján Feranec"},{"name":"Jan Ot'ahel'"},{"name":"Jozef Nováček "}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 3","year":2005,"no":3,"title":"Rural development capacity in Carpathian Europe","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-3"},"pageFrom":153,"pageTo":165,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580473135-2005-rad-03-10-feranec.pdf","title":"2005_RAD_03_10_FERANEC"},"abstract":"The paper shows the results of analysis and assessment  of the changes in the agricultural landscape in Slovakia in the years 1990-2000, obtained through identijication of the transfers from the CORINE land cover class 211 (arable land) infavour of classes 231 (pastures) and 242 (complex cultivation patterns). The area of class 242 increased by 13,111.7 ha, mainly in the hinterland of rural settlements of northern and central Slovakia and in the viticultural regions of south-western Slovakia. The cause of this change lies in restitution of farmland and its lease to new privatefarmers. The area of class 231 increased at the cost of the class 211 by 4,530.9 ha. This change was observed in almost all districts of mountain and sub-mountain regions of Slovakia and primarily it is due to the transformation in the agrarian policy of the State after 1989."}},{"node":{"title":"Agricultural engineering in the ecological mountain farms","slug":"agricultural-engineering-in-the-ecological-mountain-farms","author":[{"name":"Andrzej Jucherski"},{"name":"Wiesław Golka"},{"name":"Andrzej Eymontt"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 3","year":2005,"no":3,"title":"Rural development capacity in Carpathian Europe","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-3"},"pageFrom":167,"pageTo":175,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580473155-2005-rad-03-11-jucherski.pdf","title":"2005_RAD_03_11_JUCHERSKI"},"abstract":"Mountains and hilly regions in Poland are very important for Polish economy because they do not only account for 8% of Polish territory, but also fulfil a significant role in environmental protection of water supply for the rivers, in tourism and in the ecological chain of plants and animals. The best type of agriculture for such areas is organie farming, which obliges farmers to minimize biological degradation of agricultural lands while allowing to obtain products of highest quality. For proper management of organie farms farmers need specialized machinery and necessary infrastructure. Machinery must fulfil specific requirements, such as safety of work, small overall dimensions and mass, surplus power and reliability. In the first part of the paper specific requirements will be discussed for such machinery as tractors equipped with various cultivation equipment, transport vehicles etc. In the second part we will provide a survey of tractors, machines and equipment produced in Poland, with indication of the development directions.\n"}}]}},"pageContext":{"slug":"volume-3"}},"staticQueryHashes":["2036182386","3000541721"]}