{"componentChunkName":"component---src-layouts-issue-js","path":"/issues/volume-4","result":{"data":{"allArticle":{"edges":[{"node":{"title":"Public goods and rural development in Poland","slug":"public-goods-and-rural-development-in-poland","author":[{"name":"Andreas Gramzow"},{"name":"Martin Petrick"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 4","year":2006,"no":4,"title":"Endogenous factors stimulating rural development","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-4"},"pageFrom":7,"pageTo":31,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580473311-2006-rad-04-01-gramzow.pdf","title":"2006_RAD_04_01_GRAMZOW"},"abstract":"In this paper an institutional policy approach is outlined that interprets rural development as a problem of public goods provision. It is argued that rural development policy should focus on the establishment of institutional arrangements that provide rural public goods effectively. Incentive structures that lead to the underprovision of public goods are studied in a simple game-theoretic model. Market, state, and community as three institutional alternatives for solving this incentive problem are then analysed and their strengths and weaknesses discussed. Based on recent fieldwork, it is shown how these institutions interact to achieve rural development in three rural Polish regions. It is concluded that, in order to achieve rural development goals, a locally adapted strategy to utilise complementarities among the three approaches is needed. Further success factors include the availability of leader personalities, the responsiveness of government to local needs, and the organisational efficiency of local initiatives."}},{"node":{"title":"Restructuring in sparse regional structures - a Swedish case","slug":"restructuring-in-sparse-regional-structures-a-swedish-case","author":[{"name":"Dawit Habteselassie"},{"name":"Örjan Pettersson"},{"name":"Ulf Wiberg"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 4","year":2006,"no":4,"title":"Endogenous factors stimulating rural development","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-4"},"pageFrom":33,"pageTo":52,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580477364-2006-rad-04-02-habteselassie.pdf","title":"2006_RAD_04_02_HABTESELASSIE"},"abstract":"This paper visualizes and analyses demographic and socio-economic changes in a local labour market perspective. The territorial context is a part of the sparsely populated northern coastal area of Sweden, representing a wide range of differences in conditions and development patterns. The area is divided into two local labour markets with a highway as the main connecting link. The study puts attention on processes of change between 1990 and 2002. \nThe analysis is based on georeferenced data with a high spatial resolution and to personal attributes linked to each inhabitant. The paper illustrates spatial structures and processes of change in terms of population, employment, and people with a higher education. In particular, the different development patterns within urban and rural parts of the area, where we find strongly contrasting growing and declining settlements, is discussed in relation to theoretical notions on the role of social capital and creative class. The concluding part is devoted to a discussion of future perspectives for the different parts of the area and appropriate planning approaches. "}},{"node":{"title":"On Human Capital and Agrarisation in Poland","slug":"on-human-capital-and-agrarisation-in-poland","author":[{"name":"Konrad Ł. Czapiewski"},{"name":"Krzysztof Janc"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 4","year":2006,"no":4,"title":"Endogenous factors stimulating rural development","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-4"},"pageFrom":53,"pageTo":68,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580477382-2006-rad-04-03-czapiewski.pdf","title":"2006_RAD_04_03_CZAPIEWSKI"},"abstract":"At the beginning we delimited agricultural areas. Then we compared the picture obtained with the spatial diversity of human capital. The analysis of human capital was based on three groups of measures. They are related to investments on human capital, its resources and effectiveness of its application, successively. The results show that agricultural areas are rather those one with the lowest level of human capital index. \nThe core-periphery scheme reveals. Evidently developed core-periphery scheme has serious consequences. On one hand establishment of megalopolises rich in human capital should enable them successful competition at international stage. On the other hand establishment of strong centres at the costs of peripheral - agricultural areas is a serious problem. Great differences that appear between large towns and the rest of the country may get deeper as long as there are no development impulses from the centre to peripheries."}},{"node":{"title":"Existence and quality of Slovak rural municipalities' websites - the differentiating factor of rural competitiveness","slug":"existence-and-quality-of-slovak-rural-municipalities-websites-the-differentiating-factor-of-rural-competitiveness","author":[{"name":"Vladimír Székely"},{"name":"Daniel Michniak"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 4","year":2006,"no":4,"title":"Endogenous factors stimulating rural development","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-4"},"pageFrom":69,"pageTo":86,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580477397-2006-rad-04-04-szekely.pdf","title":"2006_RAD_04_04_SZEKELY"},"abstract":"In the era of the information society, the existence and quality of the rural municipality's own website is an important factor of its competitiveness. Therefore, the state or regional governments sometimes support the construction of municipality websites. This process is just starting and the utilization of these websites for competitive aims is rather problematic. On the other hand, there are many rural municipality's own websites that are typical products of the enthusiasm of local people and represent the \"bottom-up\" approach. These websites are very often oriented on improving of the municipality image and competitiveness by the description of the municipality's strengths. \nThe main aim of this paper is identification of existing websites of rural municipalities in Slovakia. We study the spatial distribution of rural municipalities with their own website and formulate the explanation of registered spatial differentiation by the settlement structure and regional economic performance. The next step is the content analysis of websites with special regard to the elements, which increase the competitiveness of rural municipality for three groups of their potential actors: immigrants, investors (entrepreneurs) and tourists. "}},{"node":{"title":"Rural areas development - local needs and external forces","slug":"rural-areas-development-local-needs-and-external-forces","author":[{"name":"Jan Těšitel"},{"name":"Drahomira Kušová"},{"name":"Michael Bartoš"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 4","year":2006,"no":4,"title":"Endogenous factors stimulating rural development","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-4"},"pageFrom":87,"pageTo":97,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580477487-2006-rad-04-05-tesitel.pdf","title":"2006_RAD_04_05_TESITEL"},"abstract":"Compared to urban regions, rural areas can be seen as historicaly marginal space. They, as a rule, leve behind in the process of participation in general developmental trends, mainly due to lack of local capital stock and personalities. Marginality, however, is a context dependet phenomenon and same of its formating features can be converted into factors local development can be based on. The process of commodification of 'non-marginal parameters' may, in the end, lead to opening of rural areas to general trends of globalisation. Embedding of rural areas into global context raises at least one question what is the role of local communities in decision making proces on future development of a region or locality they live in? Should such a decision be taken primarily on local level or is the future of a particular locality predetermined by decisions taken on national or even international levels? In this context, the article disusses problem of distribution of power in decision making process between local community and representatives of 'external force' by use of empirical evidence taken from two examples - blocking of foreign investment aimed at building of huge leisure park in pristine landscape of South Bohemia, and long term clashes between Sumava national park administration and local communities."}},{"node":{"title":"Challenges in preparation of regional rural policy programme for 2007-2013 - the case of Raahe sub-region, Finland","slug":"challenges-in-preparation-of-regional-rural-policy-programme-for-2007-2013-the-case-of-raahe-sub-region-finland","author":[{"name":"Toivo Muilu"},{"name":"Pirjo Onkalo"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 4","year":2006,"no":4,"title":"Endogenous factors stimulating rural development","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-4"},"pageFrom":99,"pageTo":114,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580477562-2006-rad-04-06-muilu.pdf","title":"2006_RAD_04_06_MUILU"},"abstract":"This paper discusses the challenges that the next EU programming period has given to rural policy. In the case of Finland the most important level of implementing regional and rural policies so far has been provinces (NUTS 3) but in 2007-2013 both the EU Commission and aur national rural policy highlight the role of sub-regions (NUTS 4). \nThe schedule of preparation of regional rural programmes has been very tight in Finland, which was due to both tao late and inappropriate instructions from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and to same changes in the organizations, which were responsible for the preparation. Our case study area, Raahe sub-region, is especially interesting since there were two rural development actors with almost the same aims but with quite different backgrounds. The problems in the creation of cooperation between them were connected e.g. to inadequate social capital and to the operation areas. The empirical part of the paper describes what kind of challenges and tensions different actors faced when preparing a rural development programme on the sub-regional level. "}},{"node":{"title":"Evaluation of Educational Measures of the Austrian Rural Development Programme - Results and Experiences","slug":"evaluation-of-educational-measures-of-the-austrian-rural-development-programme-results-and-experiences","author":[{"name":"Julia Neuwirth"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 4","year":2006,"no":4,"title":"Endogenous factors stimulating rural development","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-4"},"pageFrom":115,"pageTo":126,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580477575-2006-rad-04-07-neuwirth.pdf","title":"2006_RAD_04_07_NEUWIRTH"},"abstract":"The Austrian Rural Development Programme of the current period 2000 - 2006 includes the measure \"Vocational training\" to improve the qualification of persons involved in agriculture and forestry as well as to help them convert their operations to other uses. The educational measures play an important role in the implementation of the whole programme, and the acceptance of the programme rises due to the accompanying education and training measures. Firstly, the measure \"Vocational training\" is designed to support their participation in training and qualification courses (participant support) and, secondly, it was developed to provide assistance in the preparation, implementation, processing and post-processing of training and courses (support provided to educational institutions). Between 2000 and 2004, as much as O.6% of the total funds of the rural development programme was spent on the \"vocational training\" measure. Total costs of 53.8 million euros were borne by the EU (28%), by the Austrian Federal Government (17%) and by the provincial governments (11%) - while the remaining 44% were contributed by the applicants themselves. 63% of the supported participants were males, but they received only 58% of the subsidies. The majority of participants attended computer - and telecommunication courses, courses in animal production and business management. The participants' were predominantly in the age between 35 and 49 years and nearly all of the participants were farm managers.\nThe evaluation results suggest that the range of beneficiaries should be widened, and that there should be an increased support given to women and young people as well as higher endowments granted for vocational training. Additionally, the results make it elear that high-quality data are absolutely vital to achieve meaningful evaluations."}},{"node":{"title":"Human and social factors as endogenous factors stimulating the LEADER programme in Hungary","slug":"human-and-social-factors-as-endogenous-factors-stimulating-the-leader-programme-in-hungary","author":[{"name":"Judit Kovács Katona"},{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"M. Alderson"},{"name":"Gábor Szabó"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 4","year":2006,"no":4,"title":"Endogenous factors stimulating rural development","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-4"},"pageFrom":127,"pageTo":142,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580477612-2006-rad-04-08-kovacs-katona.pdf","title":"2006_RAD_04_08_KOVACS_KATONA"},"abstract":"LEADER started as a Community lnitiative in the European Union in 1991 and has had positive results in rural development in the EU-15, especially on social capital. lt is important to emphasise that rural development plans must be prepared at the local level, and LEADER funds are available only for those groups who are able to bring together different partners from the region. In Hungary, during the evaluation process 32 points from 100 were given for the LEADER features in the plan. This study examines the introduction of LEADER in Hajdu-Bihar county, Hungary. Earlier research in this county had revealed a low level of social resources. lnterviews were conducted with the Jour local actions groups awarded EU fanding in 2006. The answers obtained underline the role of LEADER on the encouragement of partnership working at the start of the programme. As the application of the programme only began during summer 2006, a final assessment of the ejfect of LEADER on social capital can be made only at the end of the first call in 2008."}},{"node":{"title":"Endogenous rural development prospects in mountainous areas. The case of mount Parnonas in Greece","slug":"endogenous-rural-development-prospects-in-mountainous-areas-the-case-of-mount-parnonas-in-greece","author":[{"name":"Helen Caraveli"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 4","year":2006,"no":4,"title":"Endogenous factors stimulating rural development","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-4"},"pageFrom":143,"pageTo":163,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580477654-2006-rad-04-09-caraveli.pdf","title":"2006_RAD_04_09_CARAVELI"},"abstract":"The 2007-13 EU rural development framework is expected to reinforce endogenous development forces in European mountainous zones, mainly in peripheral rural areas, by strengthening a number of measures of the 1999 Regulation. This paper attempts to examine the prospects of the second pillar's impact on the mountainous region of Parnonas in southern Greece. This is dane by assessing the efficiency of EU structural programmes in the last two programming periods (mainly of LEADER II and LEADER+) in transforming the region's original handicaps (depopulation, lack of infrastructure and human capital development, decline of agricultural activities, degradation of environment and landscape) into opportunities for sustained socio-economic growth (promoting agro-tourism & recreation, high-value farm products suitable for small scale farming and niche markets, traditional crafts). The methodology involves the use of data and other information provided by published reports and experts from the local development company Parnonas, by local people and local authorities. The results indicate that steps towards the adoption of the new model have indeed been taken, but there is still a long way until sustainable development in the region can be achieved. "}},{"node":{"title":"The role of Water Framework Directive in the development of rural areas","slug":"the-role-of-water-framework-directive-in-the-development-of-rural-areas","author":[{"name":"Waldemar Mioduszewski"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 4","year":2006,"no":4,"title":"Endogenous factors stimulating rural development","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-4"},"pageFrom":165,"pageTo":179,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580477670-2006-rad-04-10-mioduszewski.pdf","title":"2006_RAD_04_10_MIODUSZEWSKI"},"abstract":"The Water Framework Directive (WFD), whose basie aim was to create a legal background for water bodies' protection, undoubtedly affects all economic sectors. Being a specific and distinctly different water user, agriculture will have the greatest share in the implementation of WFD out of all sectors of national economy. This resultsfrom its special character (60% of the country area used by agriculture), large volume of water consumed by evapotranspiration, diffuse pollution etc. Implementation of WFD will call for undertaking of many activities to restrict an wifavourable impact of agriculture on water resources and water related ecosystems. It is assumed that agriculture should also protect water resources. Accomplishment of this task impos es significant changes in the land use ofriver basins. Water management can be an essentialfactor deciding about the sustainable development of rural areas and biological diversity of agricultural landscape. \nActions undertaken so far to implement the WFD are mainly limited to the protection of water quality from agricultural pollution. It is also necessary to undertake implementation of other aims of WFD. This refers especially to the provision of good hydromorphological status of water bodies, protection of water related ecosystems and effective water use."}},{"node":{"title":"Sustainable development of mountainous rural areas in Slovakia (with the case study of Pol'ana Biosphere Reserve)","slug":"sustainable-development-of-mountainous-rural-areas-in-slovakia-with-the-case-study-of-polana-biosphere-reserve","author":[{"name":"Vladimír Ira"},{"name":"Mikuláš Huba"},{"name":"Peter Podolák"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 4","year":2006,"no":4,"title":"Endogenous factors stimulating rural development","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-4"},"pageFrom":181,"pageTo":200,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580477696-2006-rad-04-11-ira.pdf","title":"2006_RAD_04_11_IRA"},"abstract":"The paper looks first at the geographical conditions, specifically the economic, socio-cultural, demographic, and environmental, including local condions as the vital factor underlying the course of transformation in mountainous rural areas. \nNext, the paper considers the results of the case study from the Pol'ana Biosphere Reserve (BR) in Central Slovakia, which is an excellent model territory for studying man and nature relationships. Basic socio-demographic data on population of the BR are analysed and their relations to quality of life and sustainability are discussed. Selected aspects of sustainability and the life quality of population in the BR are studied in the analysis of recent situation using subjective estimates of local decision- and opinion-makers. The research (interview technique) is focused on the evaluation of perception of environmental and nature conservation problems, community's milieu, community development, and on the evaluation of the opinion about the community, regional sustainable development programmes and improvement of life quality. Finally, several conclusions important for future role of human factors in sustainable development of mountainous rural areas are presented as well as the list of the most important challenges for mountainous rural areas from the perspective of sustainable development."}},{"node":{"title":"Land ownership and market functionality in the mountain areas - the case study of Romania","slug":"land-ownership-and-market-functionality-in-the-mountain-areas-the-case-study-of-romania","author":[{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 4","year":2006,"no":4,"title":"Endogenous factors stimulating rural development","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-4"},"pageFrom":201,"pageTo":213,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580477724-2006-rad-04-12-tudor.pdf","title":"2006_RAD_04_12_TUDOR"},"abstract":"The study \"Land ownership and land market functionality in the mountain areas - the case study of Romania\" is a part of a larger research work on the sustainable rural development in the mountain area Muscel in Romania, from a multi criteria perspective, for the formulation of feasible alternatives for local development. The natural resources, land resources in particular and land use represent an important resource for ensuring rural household food security and welfare. \nThe main objectives of the study are the following: \ndetermining the importance of land resources for the local sustainable development of mountain areas, \nhighlighting the particularities of land ownership and of land market role in the mountain areas with different accessibility levels, \ninfluence of mountain community accessibility on rural market functionality, land market in particular, and upon the commercial behaviour of households. "}},{"node":{"title":"The socio-economic determinants of development of the Uścimów Commune in Poland","slug":"the-socio-economic-determinants-of-development-of-the-uscimow-commune-in-poland","author":[{"name":"Monika Wesołowska"},{"name":"Jacek Dobrowolski"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 4","year":2006,"no":4,"title":"Endogenous factors stimulating rural development","editor":[{"name":"Zbigniew Floriańczyk"},{"name":"Konrad Czapiewski"}],"slug":"volume-4"},"pageFrom":215,"pageTo":227,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580477744-2006-rad-04-13-wesolowska.pdf","title":"2006_RAD_04_13_WESOŁOWSKA"},"abstract":"Social and economic transformations in Poland had as one of the consequences the fact that rural areas faced a number of difficulties and challenges. In connection with the political system transformation and Poland's accession to the European Union, problems appeared, concerning mainly the issues of employment and the population's income sources. The issues become yet mare significant in the areas of agricultural and farming traditions, i.e. in Lublin Province (Voivodship), where the percentages of rural population and of population employed in agriculture are high and exceed 50%. The backwardness of this region calls for profound reforms, in which well-educated inhabitants, aid funds or local leaders may become the stimulating factors. \nThe paper presents the current condition and the directions of development of the key industry of the commune (gmina) of Uścimów. The paper deals with a number of problems which, in particular, include a difficult demographic situation, investments in agriculture and new aspects of management. The presented conclusions were drawn on the bas is of the material from the field research of the authors. The questionnaires, which were the basis form of gathering information, concerned: the incomes of households, the access to various institutions (health care, schools, town or city), the features of an agricultural household, plans and investments for the next 1O years, the way of obtaining financial means for investments (loans for agricultural production, UE aid forms for agriculture), as well as the opinions of the population on the chances and threats resulting from entering the EU."}}]}},"pageContext":{"slug":"volume-4"}},"staticQueryHashes":["2036182386","3000541721"]}