{"componentChunkName":"component---src-layouts-issue-js","path":"/issues/volume-5","result":{"data":{"allArticle":{"edges":[{"node":{"title":"HVTK - giving local relevance to European-wide rural development expertise","slug":"hvtk-giving-local-relevance-to-european-wide-rural-development-expertise","author":[{"name":"Andrew F. Fieldsend"},{"name":"Judit Kovács Katona"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":7,"pageTo":19,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478175-2007-rad-05-01-fieldsend.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-01-FIELDSEND"},"abstract":"In the current EU programming period, rural areas in the North Great Plain region of Hungary will benejit from investment through the New Hungary Rural Development Programme (NHRDP) and the North Great Plain Regional Operational Programme (NGPOP). Using keywordsfrom Section 3.1 of Annex II to Community Regulation (EC) No 1974/2006, we quantified the priority placed in each Programme on topics relating to the horizontal objectives and Axes 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the Rural Development Regulation (RDR). In the NHRDP the emphasis is on Axis 1 whilst in the NGPOP the emphasis is on topics related to the horizontal objectives of the RDR. A similar analysis was carried out on 200 EU Framework Programme (FP) and Interreg projects, which can provide expertise to support rura! development in the region. Information about these projects is available on the website www.hvtk.org. The priorities of the FP projects were found to be closely correlated to the priorities of the NHRDP but amongst lnterreg projects there was a strong emphasis on topics related to Axis 3. A workshop attended by rural development practitioners from the region demonstrated that the distinctions between regional, rural and agricultural development are far from simple."}},{"node":{"title":"Rural Studies network of Finland - a national approach to networking rural expertise","slug":"rural-studies-network-of-finland-a-national-approach-to-networking-rural-expertise","author":[{"name":"Toivo Muilu"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":21,"pageTo":31,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478176-2007-rad-05-02-muilu.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-02-MUILU"},"abstract":"Rural Studies is a network initiative between ten Finnish universities. This paper discusses Rural Studies as an innovative approach for pulling together the limited national resources of academic rural expertise. There are many background factors for the establishment of Rural Studies network, of which two may be mentioned here. First, Finland is regarded to be the most rural country in the European Union, mostly due to its remote position in Northern Europe and very sparse settlement structure. This \"rurality\" has led to a long tradition of rural research in several disciplines. Second, Finland's EU membership in 1995 consolidated rural policy programming. Networks of rural researchers and planners have been in a key position when rural policy programmes were prepared. The system of higher education in Finland is under the spotlight of many changes, and in this discussion small research areas such as rural studies are not very competitive if they are unable to find new ideas and ways of doing things together. In the future post-graduale education, wider cooperation and creation of rural research programmes, and networking with international rural education and research networks will be local points in Rural Studies."}},{"node":{"title":"The promotion of the regional convergence - the modernization of the scientific potential in the field of rural development","slug":"the-promotion-of-the-regional-convergence-the-modernization-of-the-scientific-potential-in-the-field-of-rural-development","author":[{"name":"Violeta Florian"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":33,"pageTo":39,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478177-2007-rad-05-03-florian.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-03-FLORIAN"},"abstract":"A scientific approach referring to the reseach network development with the following objectives:\n* improvement of the degree of integration/involvent of the research-development-innovation (RDJ) units in Romania with concerns in the field of rural development info the European research programs on this theme;\n* the transfer of knowledge resulting from the European scientific community, specialized in the rural development problems, to the scientific community in Romania;\n* the knowledge transfer will aim at the development, in cooperation with the European partners, of some common projects under the future EU Framework Program 7.\n"}},{"node":{"title":"Rural Development Networks in the North-Eastern Region of Romania","slug":"rural-development-networks-in-the-north-eastern-region-of-romania","author":[{"name":"Krisztina Melinda Dobay"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":41,"pageTo":52,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478178-2007-rad-05-04-melinda-dobay.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-04-MELINDA-DOBAY"},"abstract":"The aim of this study is to analyze the theoretical fundaments of the social networks and to present some existing rural development networks in the North-Eastern Development Region in Romania. A successful rural development depends to a very large extent on the partnerships. The existence in Romania of a network of active public and private organizations in the community development area, some with previous experience in community development programs or projects, able and willing to involve immediately in rural community development, is the starting point for the creation of a rural development network thai will evolve in time and within which various changes from different directions will occur, especially as concerns its objects, individuals and institutions involved, actions performed."}},{"node":{"title":"Strategie & organizational problems  of \"LEADER\" approach application as a tool for sustainable rural development in Bulgaria","slug":"strategie-organizational-problems-of-leader-approach-application-as-a-tool-for-sustainable-rural-development-in-bulgaria","author":[{"name":"Nikolay Naydenov"},{"name":"Zornitsa Bogdanova"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":53,"pageTo":61,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478179-2007-rad-05-05-naydenov.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-05-NAYDENOV"},"abstract":"\"Leader\" approach is the main tool of the policy of sustainable rural development. However a number of strategie and organizational problems and also certain rules for its application in the praxis need to be formulated for its effective realization in Bulgaria. The strategie framework for rural areas development of the Ruse District and the opportunities for applying the Leader approach and creation of LAGs as a tool for assuring sustainable development are presented in the article. An analysis has been made about the problems for the \"Leader\" approach application in Bulgaria. The bas is for the analysis are the main results from the realization of the pilot project \"Sustainable Rural Development\" managed by the Ministry of agriculture and forestry and UNDP, as well as good practices and problems identified. An investigation of the establishment process and also surveying of fanctional problems of LAGs in Bulgaria is made in the article. Results of a special designed questionnaire have been analysed and discussed in the paper. On that basis appropriate conclusions and reccommendations are developed and presented in the paper, which might be used in the process of establishing of LAGs in Ruse district and also in other regions in Bulgaria."}},{"node":{"title":"Supply Chain Networks: European Influence on the Russian Agri-food Business?","slug":"supply-chain-networks-european-influence-on-the-russian-agri-food-business","author":[{"name":"Vera Belaya"},{"name":"Taras Gagalyuk"},{"name":"Jon Hanf"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":63,"pageTo":74,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478180-2007-rad-05-06-belaya.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-06-BELAYA"},"abstract":"In the context of retail internationalization it is observable that retailers from West European countries take their business models known from their home countries into the newly entered markets. In this sense there are at least three development trends in conjunction with globalization, which include global sourcing, retail branding and establishing of strictly coordinated vertical linkages (supply chain networks or netchains). In our paper we firstly describe the internationalization process of the retail business, and based on this, elaborate on structural changes resulting from and connected with internationalization process that are in the center of interest to the food industry. Furt her on, we focus on the situation in the agri-food business of Russia and describe whether the main tendencies of European retail development and the consequences of their influence are found there, as well as discuss outlook of fature development of the Russian agri-food business in the context of supply chain management."}},{"node":{"title":"Structural change and flexibility in the Polish agriculture","slug":"structural-change-and-flexibility-in-the-polish-agriculture","author":[{"name":"Agata Pieniadz"},{"name":"Swetlana Renner"},{"name":"Martin Petrick"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":75,"pageTo":89,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478180-2007-rad-05-07-pieniadz.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-07-PIENIADZ"},"abstract":"Based on farm panel data we empirically investigate the determinants of Polish farm households' flexibility from 1994 to 2001. We focus on scale flexibility (adjustment in production volume) and scope flexibility (adjustment in product mix). The findings of our fixed-effects regression provide evidence that smaller farms are moreflexible, both with regard to scale and scope of production. Farms with a higher share of variable costs tended to be mare flexible, white producers who specialized in capital-intensive technologies turned out to be less flexible. Same results differ significantly from the prevailing expectations, in particular we found that farms where a generational succession look place displayed less flexibility over time. Moreover, access to off-farm income and finances have opposite effects on scale and scope flexibility. An explanation for these outcomes may be the varying term structure of liquidity sources. There are relevant differences in the strategies Polish farmers used to adjust to changing environmental conditions during transition, which should be taken inio account in the design of supporting policies."}},{"node":{"title":"Analysing and mobilising regional economic potentials as a chance for rural development - Interim results of the EU-lnterreg IIIB project Parks & Economy","slug":"analysing-and-mobilising-regional-economic-potentials-as-a-chance-for-rural-development-interim-results-of-the-eu-interreg-iiib-project-parks-economy","author":[{"name":"Julia Neuwirth"},{"name":"Klaus Wagner"},{"name":"Tamŕs Kállay"},{"name":"Lajas Veres Hazai"},{"name":"József Antał"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":91,"pageTo":106,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478181-2007-rad-05-08-neuwirth.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-08-NEUWIRTH"},"abstract":"Rural areas, which are declared as Nature or National Parks, often find themselves in a dilemma - on the one hand they are featured with unique natural conditions and landscapes, but on the other hand they are confronted with substantial problems in economic and demographic development. The lnterreg IIIB project \"Parks&Economy\" tackles these discrepancies and aims at the appreciation of Nature Parks in rural areas and their sustainable development in natural, social and economic conditions using synergies between nature protection and the regional economy. For these purposes the project applies a commonframework of methods consisting of analyses of regional strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT), success factors, and stakeholders. Based on the results Development and Marketing Plans (DEMAP) are developed, which will be implemented in each of the eight involved project regions. The paper provides insights into the methods used and shows their application and results of three selected project regions in Hungary, Greece, and ltaly. The emphasis of the paper concentrates on the methods of assessing the current status of a region and therefrom derived management plans, which can be usefal for other regions interested in sustainable development in nature conservation areas as sign posts."}},{"node":{"title":"Position near the town - effects of urban areas on rural competitiveness and quality of life","slug":"position-near-the-town-effects-of-urban-areas-on-rural-competitiveness-and-quality-of-life","author":[{"name":"Vladimír Székely"},{"name":"Konrad Ł. Czapiewski"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":107,"pageTo":120,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478182-2007-rad-05-09-szekely.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-09-SZEKELY"},"abstract":"The paper presents the approach to the analysis of spatial relationships between the town and surrounding rural areas. The main objective was to compare the competitiveness and living conditions of the areas located in the surroundings of towns with different number of inhabitants and situated in various regions of Slovakia and Poland. Competitiveness of a given area is understood as the ability to attract young and well-educated inhabitants. In turn the outfit of houses with the basie facilities of technical and communication infrastructure decides the living conditions."}},{"node":{"title":"Greece in the European Union and the Agro-food lndustry: Spatial Reorganizations","slug":"greece-in-the-european-union-and-the-agro-food-lndustry-spatial-reorganizations","author":[{"name":"Athanassios Papageorgiou"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":121,"pageTo":133,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478183-2007-rad-05-10-papageorgiou.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-10-PAPAGEORGIOU"},"abstract":"Apart from the differentiation of productive capacity it brings about, industrial development also contributes to the employment and the redistribution of income among people, social classes and areas. Agricultural industries, in particular, usually located in rural areas, do not only contribute to the utilization of a significant part of agricultural production. Their expansion influences the socio-economic structure of areas. It creates jobs for the rural population, while one of the most important social impacts of their establishment has to do with their contribution to the change in mentality with regard to the role of women, who consist a large part of their employees. The future of many rural areas seems to depend on whether farming activities are combined with other side agricultural or non-agricultural activities. The important role played by agrofood industries in rural development obliges us to examine how this sector was influenced in the framework of the European Union from within the example of the fruit processing industry, which is the most internationalized branch of Greek economy. The accession of Greece to the European Union reinforced the course of profitable utilization of its comparative advantages, causing structural realignments and spatial reorganizations."}},{"node":{"title":"Spatial Variations in the Level of  Socio-Economic Development of Rural Areas in Poland vis-à-vis Transformation  Dynamics in the Pre-Accession Period","slug":"spatial-variations-in-the-level-of-socio-economic-development-of-rural-areas-in-poland-vis-a-vis-transformation-dynamics-in-the-pre-accession-period","author":[{"name":"Andrzej Rosner"},{"name":"Monika Stanny"},{"name":"Katarzyna Zawalinska"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":135,"pageTo":146,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478184-2007-rad-05-11-rosner.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-11-ROSNER"},"abstract":"The aim of the research project was to jind an answer to the question whether spatial variations in the level of socio-economic development of rural Poland are gradually disappearing thanks to the cohesion policy pursued in the country or stili growing despite this policy. It was assumed thai the course of ongoing transformation is dependent on two factors: cohesion policy and the well-known regularity that the effectiveness of investment is higher in more-developed areas. Additionally, an attempt was made to determine how the discussed processes are influenced by policies pursued by local authorities. The analysis was performed on a set of 2,171 local units (LAU 2).The research showed that the high level of socio-economic development is statistically strongly correlated with high transformation dynamics. Meanwhile, correlations between the existing level of development and the activity of local authorities and between transformation dynamics and the activity of local authorities are statistically insignificant. \nThe most important conclusions from the research are as follows:\n* Spatial variations in the level of socio-economic development of rural areas are growing despite the policy to even out disparities (cohesion policy);\n* The actual development dynamics is very weakly correlated with the activity of local authorities in exploiting instruments to stimulate development;\n* Other factors (e.g. the location rent) have greater influence on spatial variations in development than the cohesion policy pursued."}},{"node":{"title":"Knowledge transfer in the process of rural development","slug":"knowledge-transfer-in-the-process-of-rural-development","author":[{"name":"Gabriel Popescu"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":147,"pageTo":157,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478185-2007-rad-05-12-popescu.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-12-POPESCU"},"abstract":"The collapse of the communist regime in Romania, in December 1989, determined, at a very short period of time, the disappearance of the co-operative sector of Bolshevik type, once Law 18 (Land Law) was enforced in February 1991, which initiated the land ownership reform. The causes of the liquidation of farmer agricultural production co-operatives were many, as these entities had proved to be efficient tools in the communists' exercise of totalitarian power. In this context, the re-activation or more concretely, the reconfiguration of a new co-operative sector in full process of recognition and reconstitution of the private land ownership seemed impossible to achieve. From an economic perspective, the relaunch of the co-operative sector in agriculture, after 1991, look place under the background of certain \"restrictions in the agricultural sector\" generated by a complex set of factors, where the competition between the small-sized and the large-sized holdings has constantly prevailed ever since. Starting from these general considerations, we think that the Romanian agriculture first needs a new reconfiguration of the ownership and operation structures; in the second place, it needs a new approach to the agricultural market operation and development policy."}},{"node":{"title":"Commercial banks' contribution to rural development in Romania: an overview","slug":"commercial-banks-contribution-to-rural-development-in-romania-an-overview","author":[{"name":"Valentin Lazea"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":159,"pageTo":169,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478186-2007-rad-05-13-lazea.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-13-LAZEA"},"abstract":"This paper represents a modest initial attempt to assess the involvement of the banking sector in the development of the rural sector in Romania during this country's first year as an EU member state. In theory, there should be at least two main reasons to make the rural sector an interesting proposition from the banks' perspective: the beginning of the disbursement of European funds, under the Common Agricultural Policy (C.A.P.), and the remittances of Romanians working abroad, the majority of which come from the rural sector. In practice, however, this interest has failed, so far, to materialize: the banks have increased very marginally (or even decreased) their presence in the countryside. One aspect worth considering at this stage is, therefore, if the banking infrastructure has the characteristics of a public service, whether the state should sustain a (non-profit oriented) bank to supply the much needed services, until the private sector fimds it worthwhile to get fally involved in activities that today are not very profitable. The paper is organized as follows: the first chapter looks at the supply of banking services, the second chapter tries to assess potentia demand for such services and the final chapter draws some conclusions."}},{"node":{"title":"Financing of family farms in Serbia and its influence on business results","slug":"financing-of-family-farms-in-serbia-and-its-influence-on-business-results","author":[{"name":"Sanjin lvanović"},{"name":"Jonel Subić"},{"name":"Zorica Sredojević"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":171,"pageTo":180,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478186-2007-rad-05-14-ivanowic.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-14-IVANOWIĆ"},"abstract":"Family farms have the most important role in agricultural production of Republic of Serbia. However, family farms are in very bad economic position and usually make low profits. That is why family farms have problems with financing of current assets as well as fixed assets. Because family farms in Serbia are not able to provide enough money for investments they have to be financed mostly by loans. Nowadays, there are two possibilitiesfor financing of fixed assets and current assets. Farmers may apply for loans provided by Serbian government or take a loan from commercial banks. The goal of this paper is analysis of different possibilities for financing of agricultural production. Different sources of financing of current assets and fixed assets cause changes in interest costs and profit of family farms. Different terms offinancing for family farms in Serbia are shown and compared in the paper. As an example, influence of interest costs on profit made in dairy production is analyzed. On the basis of these results appropriate measures of agrarian policy as well as transformations in financial system in Serbia are suggested."}},{"node":{"title":"European structural funds and rural development in New Member States an analysis of two cases, Poland and Romania","slug":"european-structural-funds-and-rural-development-in-new-member-states-an-analysis-of-two-cases-poland-and-romania","author":[{"name":"Janusz Rowiński"},{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":181,"pageTo":200,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478189-2007-rad-05-15-rowinski.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-15-ROWIŃSKI"},"abstract":"By this study, the intention of the authors is to analyze the state of the agriculture in two New European Union (EU) Member States, the influence of the European structural funds, the perspectives of the rural economies in the frame of the new European regulations and the tendencies in rural development in the period 2007-2013. We will show the allocations and evolutions of the structural fands, their influence on economy, the main rural development programmes with direct impact on rural economy, the national programmes elaborated for achieving the principal goals of both counties and the main barriers which appeared in last years."}},{"node":{"title":"Quo Vadis CAP. Polish agriculture after accession","slug":"quo-vadis-cap-polish-agriculture-after-accession","author":[{"name":"Leszek Klank"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":201,"pageTo":208,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478192-2007-rad-05-16-klank.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-16-KLANK"},"abstract":"In March 2007 the European Union celebrated 50th Annżversary of the Treaty of Rome announcement. Its integral part is Common Agricultural Policy. The objectives of the CAP deal with the farmer and the consumer i.e., the society at large. It was widely recognized that increase of productivity lead to diminishing workforce in agriculture and depopulation of rural areas. However, it was not recognized that it would lead to overproduction and environment damage, as well. Over the last fifty years the CAP objectives has significantly shifted from production to environment protection. Until accession the EU the environmental concerns related to agriculture had not played a significant role in any agricultural decision. Generally, the \"quality\" of natural environment is much higher in the new EU member states than in the old once. Still, agricultural production has a profound effect on the wider environment. Agriculture also affects the basis for its own future through land degradation, salinization, the over-extraction of water and reduction of genetic diversity in crops and livestock. The paradox is that the farmers are paid for keeping natural environment healthy. There is evidence that cost of such policy are in large extent covered by the EU new members. Agriculture is a very capital intensive and very costly industry. A modern farm requires a lot of fixed assets as, agricultural land, different kind of buildings and machinery. It is obvious than price change in any of these factors has impact on cost of production. Polish accession to the European Union has had very strong influence especially on agricultural land prices and stagnation of farm restructuring."}},{"node":{"title":"Romania's agriculture before the accession","slug":"romanias-agriculture-before-the-accession","author":[{"name":"Emilian M. Dobrescu"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":209,"pageTo":225,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478193-2007-rad-05-17-dobrescu.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-17-DOBRESCU"},"abstract":"Romania cannot join the European Union with agricultural plots with sizes less than 1 hectare. The change of mentality is stili difficult. In the rural areas there is already a tendency among people of not willing to get associated any more, people do not want production co-operatives any more, no more co-operative farms, everybody wants to farm his own piece of land! This mentality will be difficult to change; only the positive developments thai may appear will change this situation. At more than 15 years after the communist period, agriculture is affected by chronic inefficiency, and most peasants farm their land with horse-drawn ploughs. The high costs, caused by the lack of technology and agricultural land fragmentation, led to domestic prices thai exceed the world prices by about 40 euro/ton of product, which significantly influence the export activity."}},{"node":{"title":"Regional challenges on the South-East Romanian agricultural market","slug":"regional-challenges-on-the-south-east-romanian-agricultural-market","author":[{"name":"Cornelia Alboiu"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":227,"pageTo":238,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478195-2007-rad-05-18-alboiu.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-18-ALBOIU"},"abstract":"The present paper intends to make an analysis at regional level, respectively in Galati county, in order to determine the present situation of agriculture in the South-East region of Romania; it investigates the possibility of changing the crop structure towards more added value such as vegetables and energy crops (rapeseed, maize) in the region which better respond to the irrigation use. The paper reveals the situation of the irrigation system and the willingness of farmers in the region to pay for irrigations taking inio consideration the gross margin value calculated by the main cultivated crops and the type of farms in the respective region. The main investigated aspects are the number of farms and their type, the ownership structure and the degree of land fragmentation, the utilized agricultural area by type of farms, the farm size. At the same time, the paper investigates the crop structure, the irrigated area and the number of irrigation equipment, the number of agricultural machinery and equipment, the market orientation of farms, the type and development level of the non-agricultural activities in the respective county and the specialization of farms in the South-East region of Romania."}},{"node":{"title":"The Possibilities of the Sustainable Agriculture in Romania Showed by the Example of a Small Settlement","slug":"the-possibilities-of-the-sustainable-agriculture-in-romania-showed-by-the-example-of-a-small-settlement","author":[{"name":"Katalin Takàcsné György"},{"name":"Zsombor Páll"},{"name":"lstván Takács"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":239,"pageTo":253,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478196-2007-rad-05-19-takacsne-gyorgy.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-19-TAKACSNE-GYORGY"},"abstract":"It is among the main tasks of the sustainable agriculture to find and advance the methods and technologies under the economic and social circumstances, which are able to harmonize the economic and environmental aspects of agricultural production. In the industrial agriculture it is general to use artificial chemicals both in production and processing, which causes accumulation in the human organization and serious diseases. At the same time the role of the agriculture changed in the last decades in the developed countries. Beside the production function it is mare and mare significant to fulfil the requirements of multifunctionality, it goes hand in hand with chemical reduction. One alternative of the above mentioned can be the ecological farming, since in the last years the demand on healthy food increased, and the consumers are willing to pay 30-70% mare. The European Union supports the use of environment friendly strategies. \nThe accession to the European Union is a great challenge and historical chance for Romania. On a 450 million people market it has to face high quality requirements and intensive competition, but at the same time it can take the advantage of the EU and become one of the most successful agricultures in Europe. The unique natural-social facilities of Romania and the good transport possibilities owing to the nearness of the sea are giving the bases. \nMost of rural people are in connection with agriculture and the development of agriculture can result the improvement of their quality of life. The development of the Romanian countryside and the life of the rural people are important for the European Union, because otherwise the integration can slow down and the social problems would escalate. In the development conception the characteristics of natural, social and market environment should be taken into consideration. \nThe socio-economic changes in 1990 had great affection on the agriculture. The farm structure became fragmented, significant labour force came in the agriculture from other sectors, and many rural people complete their low income with household production. The decrease of industrial agriculture reduced the use of chemicals, which is tenth of the EU average. \nThe study analyses how the organie farming can be a solution under given circumstances. We give a short review of the current situation and of the trends of the Romanian agriculture, and ecological agriculture of the world, Europe and Romania.\nAfter the analysis of the agriculture of Mezomadaras, a small settlement in the Maros region, we look for the development alternatives. The situation of Mezomadaras is usual in Romania, so numerous conclusions for the whole country can be taken."}},{"node":{"title":"Regional disparities in off-farm employment and their impact on agricultural production and sales - evidence from Romania","slug":"regional-disparities-in-off-farm-employment-and-their-impact-on-agricultural-production-and-sales-evidence-from-romania","author":[{"name":"Monica Tudor"},{"name":"Borbala Balint"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":255,"pageTo":275,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478198-2007-rad-05-20-tudor.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-20-TUDOR"},"abstract":"During the transition towards a market economy in Romania most enterprises established at the time of industrialization and urbanization project of the communist period reduced or stopped their activity and many employees lost their jobs. A reverse migration from urban to rural areas took place, thus contributing to the increase in employment and underemployment in agriculture - the main occupation in the rural areas. The emerging farmers without necessary production factors, know-how and confronted with inadequate input and output markets decreased their agricultural sales and purchase of agricultural goods, while increasing self-consumption in the household. Given the interaction between unemployment, the increase of employment in agriculture and consequently in self-consumption in the households, the paper analyzes how the differences in the off-farm employment opportunities in the different regions impact agricultural commercialization."}},{"node":{"title":"The lmpact of LFA payments in different rural structures - an example of the Czech Republic and Poland","slug":"the-lmpact-of-lfa-payments-in-different-rural-structures-an-example-of-the-czech-republic-and-poland","author":[{"name":"Marie Štolbová"},{"name":"Grażyna Niewęgłowska"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":277,"pageTo":292,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478201-2007-rad-05-21-stolbova.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-21-STOLBOVA"},"abstract":"Core objectives for rural development support for the programming period 2007-2013 are: (1) improving the competitiveness of agriculture and forestry, (2) improving the environment and the countryside, and (3) improving the quality of life in rural areas and encouraging diversification of economic activity. Regulation (EC) No 1698/2005 includes a clearer targeting towards smaller and micro - enterprises to sustain job opportunity in rural areas. For this programming period a minimum funding of 10% of the total EU contribution has been withheld by the Council Regulation for measures concerning the quality of life and diversification of the rural economy outside agriculture and forestry. In spite of it the EU's Court of Auditors has concluded that Rural development policy in Europe is ineffective because continues to allow member states to adopt a predominantly sector approach with a primary focus on the agricultural sector. Taking into account the variety of regions in Europe and the different situations at national level, it is difficult to provide a single guideline to salve the problem. This paper deals with possible impact of Less Favorite Area payments on rural development. Special attention will be given to the role of LFA in maintenance of agricultural production that is desirable from environmental point of view and overcoming common rural problems like depopulation of rural areas. Using the case of Poland and Czech specific implementation of LFA payments rules will be compared (that to be dane with respect to different rural structures between those two countries). Descriptive analysis of farm structures development patterns will be used to explain low economic effectiveness of LFA instrument. Similarly presentation of spatial distribution of LFA payment will be used to investigate its environmental effectiveness. Groups of farms that are major beneficiaries of LFA instrument are to be selected and compared with the objective one. \nIt is expected that comparative analysis clarify the practical efficiency of LFA instrument in rural development. Finally, the conclusion concerned with future CAP is to be presented in respect of supporting regional rural development."}},{"node":{"title":"lnsertion of rural households into market economy mechanisms -evaluations and challenges on  a zonal case study","slug":"lnsertion-of-rural-households-into-market-economy-mechanisms-evaluations-and-challenges-on-a-zonal-case-study","author":[{"name":"Filon Toderoiu"},{"name":"Carmen Bucur"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":293,"pageTo":306,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478203-2007-rad-05-22-toderoiu.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-22-TODEROIU"},"abstract":"The approach proposes itself, to identify the opportunities and restrictions for the rural development in a given rural area, made of four communes of the Arges County (situated in the Carpathian space), from a multicriterial perspective (demography, income sources, the utilized agricultural area, etc.),for the formulation of some feasible alternatives for the sustainable local development. Among the rural communities that gravitates towards it, we can mention the communes Albesti, Leresti, Schitu Golesti and Valea Mare Pravat (Valea Mare) that, together, constituted a rural microzone; from this area a representative sample of subjects was established; a complex questionnaire was applied to this sample, in relation to occupations and income sources, types of economic behaviors, etc., from the perspective of identification of opportunities for sustainable local development. \nThe rural crisis was manifested in the investigated area by the multiplication of natural, demographic and social capital fragilization in each locality in part, added to a prolonged period of changes in the rural traditional values. The decline of farming activities specific to the investigated area, the economic decline of urban centers, the modification of the polarization center status of towns brought about essential changes in rural developments. \nThe territorial image of the investigated area bears the imprint of agrarian structures specificity, generating particular modalities of space, natural and social capital utilization. The type of rural economy covers another dimension of the territorial image, as the modality of using the opportunities, the level of resources utilization and the economic coherence in particular are defining elements for the respective area."}},{"node":{"title":"The agriculture of Republic of Moldova in the process of integration into the European Community","slug":"the-agriculture-of-republic-of-moldova-in-the-process-of-integration-into-the-european-community","author":[{"name":"Simion Certan"},{"name":"Ion Certan"}],"volume":{"name":"Volume 5","year":2007,"no":5,"title":"Values and challenges in designing the European rural structures - research network experience","editor":[{"name":"Dan Marius Voicilas"},{"name":"Monica Tudor"}],"slug":"volume-5"},"pageFrom":307,"pageTo":318,"pdf":{"url":"https://www.datocms-assets.com/20305/1580478206-2007-rad-05-23-certan.pdf","title":"2007-RAD-05-23-CERTAN"},"abstract":"The intention of Republic of Moldova to integrate within EU and the fenomens that happens to the establishment of the competition economy enforce the application of the deep research of the processes of the most important sector of the national economy in order to avoid and or reduce the possible negative impact on it. This research is the main theme of the article bellow."}}]}},"pageContext":{"slug":"volume-5"}},"staticQueryHashes":["2036182386","3000541721"]}